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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05252 |
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| _version_ | 1866912556448219136 |
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| author | Bolin, Bryce T. Belyakov, Matthew Fremling, Christoffer Graham, Matthew J. Abdelaziz, Ahmed. M. Elhosseiny, Eslam Gray, Candace L. Ingebretsen, Carl Jewett, Gracyn Karpov, Sergey Kilic, Mukremin Mašek, Martin Molham, Mona Roderick, Diana Takey, Ali Lisse, Carey M. Abron, Laura-May Coughlin, Michael W. Hsieh, Cheng-Han Noll, Keith S. Wong, Ian |
| author_facet | Bolin, Bryce T. Belyakov, Matthew Fremling, Christoffer Graham, Matthew J. Abdelaziz, Ahmed. M. Elhosseiny, Eslam Gray, Candace L. Ingebretsen, Carl Jewett, Gracyn Karpov, Sergey Kilic, Mukremin Mašek, Martin Molham, Mona Roderick, Diana Takey, Ali Lisse, Carey M. Abron, Laura-May Coughlin, Michael W. Hsieh, Cheng-Han Noll, Keith S. Wong, Ian |
| contents | We describe the physical characteristics of interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS, discovered on 2025 July 1 by the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System. The comet has eccentricity, $e$ $\simeq$ 6.08 and velocity at infinity, v$_{\infty}$ $\simeq$ 57 km/s, indicating an interstellar origin. \textbf{We obtained B,V, R, I, g, r, i, and z photometry with the Kottamia Astronomical Observatory 1.88-m telescope, the Palomar 200-inch telescope, and the Astrophysical Research Consortium 3.5-m telescope on 2025 July 2, 3, and 6. We measured colour indices B-V=0.98$\pm$0.23, V-R=0.71$\pm$0.09, R-I=0.14$\pm$0.10, g-r=0.84$\pm$0.05 mag, r-i=0.16$\pm$0.03 mag, i-z=-0.02$\pm$0.07 mag, and g-i=1.00$\pm$0.05 mag and a spectral slope of 16.0$\pm$1.9 $\%$/100 nm.} We calculate the dust cross-section within 10,000 km of the comet to be 184.6$\pm$4.6 km$^2$, assuming an albedo of 0.10. 3I/ATLAS's coma has FWHM$\simeq$2.2 arcsec and A(0$^\circ$)f$ρ$=280.8$\pm$3.2 cm. \textbf{We estimate that 3I/ATLAS's \textmu m-scale to mm-scale dust is ejected at $\sim$0.01-1 m/s, implying a dust production of $\sim$0.1 - 1.0 kg/s. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_05252 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS: discovery and physical description Bolin, Bryce T. Belyakov, Matthew Fremling, Christoffer Graham, Matthew J. Abdelaziz, Ahmed. M. Elhosseiny, Eslam Gray, Candace L. Ingebretsen, Carl Jewett, Gracyn Karpov, Sergey Kilic, Mukremin Mašek, Martin Molham, Mona Roderick, Diana Takey, Ali Lisse, Carey M. Abron, Laura-May Coughlin, Michael W. Hsieh, Cheng-Han Noll, Keith S. Wong, Ian Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics We describe the physical characteristics of interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS, discovered on 2025 July 1 by the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System. The comet has eccentricity, $e$ $\simeq$ 6.08 and velocity at infinity, v$_{\infty}$ $\simeq$ 57 km/s, indicating an interstellar origin. \textbf{We obtained B,V, R, I, g, r, i, and z photometry with the Kottamia Astronomical Observatory 1.88-m telescope, the Palomar 200-inch telescope, and the Astrophysical Research Consortium 3.5-m telescope on 2025 July 2, 3, and 6. We measured colour indices B-V=0.98$\pm$0.23, V-R=0.71$\pm$0.09, R-I=0.14$\pm$0.10, g-r=0.84$\pm$0.05 mag, r-i=0.16$\pm$0.03 mag, i-z=-0.02$\pm$0.07 mag, and g-i=1.00$\pm$0.05 mag and a spectral slope of 16.0$\pm$1.9 $\%$/100 nm.} We calculate the dust cross-section within 10,000 km of the comet to be 184.6$\pm$4.6 km$^2$, assuming an albedo of 0.10. 3I/ATLAS's coma has FWHM$\simeq$2.2 arcsec and A(0$^\circ$)f$ρ$=280.8$\pm$3.2 cm. \textbf{We estimate that 3I/ATLAS's \textmu m-scale to mm-scale dust is ejected at $\sim$0.01-1 m/s, implying a dust production of $\sim$0.1 - 1.0 kg/s. |
| title | Interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS: discovery and physical description |
| topic | Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05252 |