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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.12607 |
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| _version_ | 1866915796465221632 |
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| author | Singh, Rumal George, Donjo Hitaishi, Prashant Singh, Samarendra P Ghosh, Sajal K |
| author_facet | Singh, Rumal George, Donjo Hitaishi, Prashant Singh, Samarendra P Ghosh, Sajal K |
| contents | In the present work, a physiochemically heterogeneous surface has been fabricated to investigate the electrowetting behaviour of the surface. The polystyrene (PS) micro-humps with varied size are developed on the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surface, which show an anomalous electrowetting behaviour. The surfaces are observed to be more electro-wettable than it is predicted by the classical Lippmann-Young equation. The observations are well understood considering the chemical heterogeneity of the surface, exhibiting a surface energy mismatch between the PS micro-humps and the PDMS layer. Further, the anomaly is comprehended by following the ridge formation around the triple-phase contact line and the varied surface roughness. A surface parameter is introduced in the Lippmann-Young equation that follows the experimental data with varied values of the parameter representing the physicochemically heterogeneous surfaces. A positive value of the surface parameter indicates strong pinning while a negative value represents depinning of the droplet. This parameter explains the faster electrowetting than predicted by the Lippmann-Young equation. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_12607 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Anomalous electrowetting of physicochemically heterogeneous surfaces Singh, Rumal George, Donjo Hitaishi, Prashant Singh, Samarendra P Ghosh, Sajal K Soft Condensed Matter Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Materials Science In the present work, a physiochemically heterogeneous surface has been fabricated to investigate the electrowetting behaviour of the surface. The polystyrene (PS) micro-humps with varied size are developed on the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surface, which show an anomalous electrowetting behaviour. The surfaces are observed to be more electro-wettable than it is predicted by the classical Lippmann-Young equation. The observations are well understood considering the chemical heterogeneity of the surface, exhibiting a surface energy mismatch between the PS micro-humps and the PDMS layer. Further, the anomaly is comprehended by following the ridge formation around the triple-phase contact line and the varied surface roughness. A surface parameter is introduced in the Lippmann-Young equation that follows the experimental data with varied values of the parameter representing the physicochemically heterogeneous surfaces. A positive value of the surface parameter indicates strong pinning while a negative value represents depinning of the droplet. This parameter explains the faster electrowetting than predicted by the Lippmann-Young equation. |
| title | Anomalous electrowetting of physicochemically heterogeneous surfaces |
| topic | Soft Condensed Matter Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Materials Science |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.12607 |