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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.03607 |
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| _version_ | 1866915832913723392 |
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| author | Baena, Eduardo Krishnan, Rajesh Vu, Mai Zussman, Gil Koutsonikolas, Dimitrios |
| author_facet | Baena, Eduardo Krishnan, Rajesh Vu, Mai Zussman, Gil Koutsonikolas, Dimitrios |
| contents | ISAC is an emerging paradigm in 6G networks that enables environmental sensing using wireless communication infrastructure. Current O-RAN specifications lack the architectural primitives for sensing integration: no service models expose physical-layer observables, no execution frameworks support sub-millisecond sensing tasks, and fronthaul interfaces cannot correlate transmitted waveforms with their reflections.
This article proposes three extensions to O-RAN for monostatic sensing, where transmission and reception are co-located at the base station. First, we specify sensing dApps at the O-DU that process IQ samples to extract delay, Doppler, and angular features. Second, we define E2SM-SENS, a service model enabling xApps to subscribe to sensing telemetry with configurable periodicity. Third, we identify required Open Fronthaul metadata for waveform-echo association. We validate the architecture through a prototype implementation using beamforming and Full-Duplex operation, demonstrating closed-loop control with median end-to-end latency suitable for near-real-time sensing applications. While focused on monostatic configurations, the proposed interfaces extend to bistatic and cooperative sensing scenarios. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_03607 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Toward Native ISAC Support in O-RAN Architectures for 6G Baena, Eduardo Krishnan, Rajesh Vu, Mai Zussman, Gil Koutsonikolas, Dimitrios Networking and Internet Architecture ISAC is an emerging paradigm in 6G networks that enables environmental sensing using wireless communication infrastructure. Current O-RAN specifications lack the architectural primitives for sensing integration: no service models expose physical-layer observables, no execution frameworks support sub-millisecond sensing tasks, and fronthaul interfaces cannot correlate transmitted waveforms with their reflections. This article proposes three extensions to O-RAN for monostatic sensing, where transmission and reception are co-located at the base station. First, we specify sensing dApps at the O-DU that process IQ samples to extract delay, Doppler, and angular features. Second, we define E2SM-SENS, a service model enabling xApps to subscribe to sensing telemetry with configurable periodicity. Third, we identify required Open Fronthaul metadata for waveform-echo association. We validate the architecture through a prototype implementation using beamforming and Full-Duplex operation, demonstrating closed-loop control with median end-to-end latency suitable for near-real-time sensing applications. While focused on monostatic configurations, the proposed interfaces extend to bistatic and cooperative sensing scenarios. |
| title | Toward Native ISAC Support in O-RAN Architectures for 6G |
| topic | Networking and Internet Architecture |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.03607 |