Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Recurso digital |
| Language: | |
| Published: |
Zenodo
2023
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/separations10030174 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1866902247763345408 |
|---|---|
| author | Rivoira, Luca Del Bubba, Massimo Cecconi, Giasmin CASTIGLIONI, MICHELE Testa, Valentina Isola, Mattia Bruzzoniti, Maria Concetta |
| author_facet | Rivoira, Luca Del Bubba, Massimo Cecconi, Giasmin CASTIGLIONI, MICHELE Testa, Valentina Isola, Mattia Bruzzoniti, Maria Concetta |
| contents | <p>The chemical contamination in fruit and vegetables represents a challenging analytical issue, with tomatoes deserving to be investigated as they are fundamental components of the Mediterranean diet. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitro-PAHs contamination is of serious concern, due to particulate deposition and to uptake from contaminated soils and water. However, time-consuming, non-simultaneous and/or non-eco-friendly extraction procedures are typically used to investigate organic contamination in tomatoes, with nitro-PAHs that have not yet been studied. Based on these premises, this work reports the development of a QuEChERS-based approach, coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, for the simultaneous determination of 16 PAHs, 14 PCBs and 4 nitro-PAHs in three tomato cultivars. The effect of dichloromethane, cyclohexane and acetone, as well as of four clean-up phases were studied through the advanced combination of full factorial experimental design and multiple response optimization approaches. The final protocol, based on cyclohexane extraction followed by a double purification step with primary secondary amine and octadecyl silica and a sulfuric acid oxidation, led to 60–120% recoveries (RSD% < 15%). Good repeatability (inter-day precision <15%) and negligible matrix effect (<16%) were confirmed and the protocol was applied to the analysis of real tomato samples purchased in a local market.</p> |
| format | Recurso digital |
| id | zenodo_https___doi_org_10_3390_separations10030174 |
| institution | Zenodo |
| language | |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publisher | Zenodo |
| record_format | zenodo |
| spellingShingle | Experimental Design and Multiple Response Optimization for the Extraction and Quantitation of Thirty-Four Priority Organic Micropollutants in Tomatoes through the QuEChERS Approach Rivoira, Luca Del Bubba, Massimo Cecconi, Giasmin CASTIGLIONI, MICHELE Testa, Valentina Isola, Mattia Bruzzoniti, Maria Concetta tomatoes food contamination organic micropollutants PAH PCB nitro-PAH CG-MS experimental design multiple response optimization QuEChERS <p>The chemical contamination in fruit and vegetables represents a challenging analytical issue, with tomatoes deserving to be investigated as they are fundamental components of the Mediterranean diet. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitro-PAHs contamination is of serious concern, due to particulate deposition and to uptake from contaminated soils and water. However, time-consuming, non-simultaneous and/or non-eco-friendly extraction procedures are typically used to investigate organic contamination in tomatoes, with nitro-PAHs that have not yet been studied. Based on these premises, this work reports the development of a QuEChERS-based approach, coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, for the simultaneous determination of 16 PAHs, 14 PCBs and 4 nitro-PAHs in three tomato cultivars. The effect of dichloromethane, cyclohexane and acetone, as well as of four clean-up phases were studied through the advanced combination of full factorial experimental design and multiple response optimization approaches. The final protocol, based on cyclohexane extraction followed by a double purification step with primary secondary amine and octadecyl silica and a sulfuric acid oxidation, led to 60–120% recoveries (RSD% < 15%). Good repeatability (inter-day precision <15%) and negligible matrix effect (<16%) were confirmed and the protocol was applied to the analysis of real tomato samples purchased in a local market.</p> |
| title | Experimental Design and Multiple Response Optimization for the Extraction and Quantitation of Thirty-Four Priority Organic Micropollutants in Tomatoes through the QuEChERS Approach |
| topic | tomatoes food contamination organic micropollutants PAH PCB nitro-PAH CG-MS experimental design multiple response optimization QuEChERS |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3390/separations10030174 |