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Zenodo
2025
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| Acesso em linha: | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15058462 |
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Sumário:
- <p><i>Chiloscyllium plagiosum</i> (Bennett, 1830)</p><p>IUCN standard name:: Whitespotted Bambooshark Fig. 4, Table 1</p><p><b>Material examined.</b></p><p>UPVMI 3123, 441 mm TL, male, fish landing site, Cabalagnan, Nueva Valencia, Guimaras Province, Philippines, October 2021, coll. J. Tubillara.</p><p><b>Morphological description.</b></p><p>Body small, elongated, moderately slender, with lateral dermal ridges. Eyes relatively small without nictitating eyelids; spiracles large and located below eyes. Snout rounded and broad. Mouth small, positioned closer to eyes than to snout tip. Nostrils small, partially covered by broad nasal flap; nasal flap reaching mouth; sensory barbels on each nostril very short. Teeth on both jaws small with single small cusp. Both dorsal fins fully erect, equal in size; posterior margin straight; first dorsal fin originating behind pelvic-fin origin. Anal fin short, originating behind free rear tip of second dorsal fin; positioned just anterior to caudal-fin origin; anal-fin base length shorter than base of lower caudal-fin lobe (9 % vs. 16 % TL, respectively). Pectoral fin slightly larger than dorsal fins, originating just below third gill opening; posterior margin straight. Pelvic fin approximately similar in size to dorsal fins, located just behind pectoral fin and front of first dorsal fin insertion. Caudal fin asymmetrical; subterminal notch well developed; ventral lobe absent. Precaudal pits absent. Gill slits on both sides five, small; fourth and fifth gill slits situated extremely close to one another.</p><p><b><i>Color of fresh specimen</i>.</b> Body and head surface area light brown with darker transverse bands and covered of numerous white and black spots; underside light brown with numerous white spots and few black spots. Fins brown with numerous white spots.</p><p><b><i>Color of preserved specimen</i>.</b> Transverse dark brown bands, white and black spots still visible on the body, head, and fins.</p><p><b>Distribution.</b></p><p>Indo – Pacific. western Indian Ocean: Madagascar, India, and Sri Lanka; western Pacific: Indonesia, Philippines, Japan, and New Guinea (Human 2022).</p><p><b>DNA barcode.</b></p><p>The <i>COI</i> sequence of 617 bp was submitted to GenBank under accession number OR 614480.</p><p><b>Conservation status.</b></p><p>Near Threatened</p><p><b>Remarks.</b></p><p><i>Chiloscyllium plagiosum</i> has a maximum recorded length of 950 mm (Compagno and Niem 1998 a). This species can be found at depths ranging from 0–50 m (Weigmann 2016). Sightings have been reported in Philippine waters, particularly in Cavite, Cebu, Guimaras Island, Manila Bay, Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental, Oriental Mindoro (Calapan), and Palawan (Compagno et al. 2005; Gonzales 2013).</p><p>The specimen was identified as <i>C. plagiosum</i> based on its slender body and tail, anal-fin base shorter than the base length of lower caudal-fin lobe (9 % vs. 16 % TL, respectively), presence of lateral dermal ridges, transverse dark bands, and small white spots. According to Compagno and Niem (1998 a), <i>C. plagiosum</i> is frequently misidentified as <i>Chiloscyllium griseum</i> Müller et Henle, 1838, <i>Chiloscyllium hasselti</i> Bleeker, 1852, <i>Chiloscyllium indicum</i> (Gmelin, 1789), or <i>Chiloscyllium punctatum</i> Müller et Henle, 1838. These species all exhibit transverse dark bands on their bodies, especially when young, which often leads to misidentifications. However, <i>C. plagiosum</i> can be distinguished from <i>C. indicum</i> by its shorter anal-fin base compared to the base length of lower caudal-fin lobe (vs. base lengths of anal-fin and lower caudal fin lobe equal in <i>C. indicum</i>) (Compagno and Niem 1998 a). Additionally, <i>C. plagiosum</i> is differentiated from <i>C. griseum</i>, <i>C. hasselti</i>, and <i>C. punctatum</i> by the presence of lateral dermal ridges (Fig. 4 B), which are absent in the latter three species (Compagno and Niem 1998 a). The identity of the collected specimen was further verified using <i>COI</i> data, which showed it forming a distinct clade with a sequence of <i>C. plagiosum</i>, separate from the clades of the aforementioned closely related species (Fig. 3).</p>