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| Формат: | Recurso digital |
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Zenodo
2025
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| Онлайн доступ: | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16653628 |
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Зміст:
- <p>EXTENDED ABSTRACT<br>Today, the concept of sustainability is prevalent in every field. The Industrial Revolution, which emerged in Europe in the second <br>half of the 18th century, marked the beginning of rapid industrialisation, which spread throughout the world. The accelerating pace of industrialisation led to intensive use of resources from an economic perspective. In particular, the risk of depletion of natural resources has emerged, and issues such as environmental pollution, climate change, and loss of biodiversity have come to the forefront. All these risks pose a threat to sustainable development. The concept of circular economy has emerged as a key concept for sustainable development. The linear economy approach, which was put forward by the classical and neo-classical schools of economics, is being replaced by the circular economy approach. The traditional ‘take, make, dispose’ approach of the linear economy model is being replaced by the ‘reduce, reuse, recycle’ approach in the circular economy model.</p> <p>The European Union’s fundamental regulation on this issue is The European Green Deal, announced in 2019. Within the scope <br>of the European Green Deal, the EU Circular Economy Action Plan (CEAP) was first adopted in 2015. The scope was expanded <br>and revised with the New Circular Economy Action Plan (CEAP) adopted in 2020. The EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism <br>(CBAM), which came into force in 2023, imposes a reporting obligation on greenhouse gas emissions for certain products imported into the EU. Following a transition period, it will impose financial obligations from the beginning of 2026. To achieve the net-zero emissions target by 2050 and enhance competitiveness in industry, the Green Deal Industrial Plan was adopted in 2024. The Clean Industrial Deal (CID), published in February 2025, is a comprehensive strategy outlining various pioneering actions for 2025 and 2026. In addition to these main regulatory documents, the European Union has published numerous regulations and directives.</p> <p>As can be seen, the European Union’s efforts are particularly important in terms of addressing the concepts of sustainable development and circular economy at the economic, political and social levels on the global agenda. This situation is also of close economic interest to Türkiye, which has close relations with the European Union.</p> <p>Both EU member states and other European countries are Türkiye’s most important export markets. In particular, a significant <br>portion of Türkiye’s exports are destined for the EU within the scope of CBAM. However, the European Green Deal has transformative effects on the EU Single Market, with which Türkiye has established advanced integration under the Customs Union Agreement signed in 1995. Therefore, it is essential for Türkiye to comply with the regulations put forward by the European Union in terms of the sustainability and competitiveness of its exports. For this reason, Türkiye is also implementing regulations in line with the acquis communautaire of the European Union on this issue and setting targets. </p> <p>The aim of this study is to examine the impact of the EU’s sustainability and circular economy policies and regulations on Türkiye’s industrial product exports to the European Union. The industrial sector has a broad scope and consists of many sub-sectors. This study focuses on industries covered by the CBAM, which was prepared within the framework of the EU Green Deal. These sectors are iron and steel, aluminium, electricity, fertilisers, and cement. The degree of impact on sectors will largely depend on embedded carbon emissions and national carbon price levels. In this regard, the likelihood of negative impacts on exports of electricity and cement is higher. However, it is important to strive to reduce the financial burden through the implementation of a national ETS. Investments are being made in the use of renewable sources instead of fossil fuels in electricity production. In addition to efforts to align with EU legislation, diplomatic mechanisms are also being actively utilized.<br>Keywords: Circular Economy, Sustainability, Industry, Export, CBAM, The European Green Deal, Circular Economy Action Plan, Türkiye, European Union.</p>