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| Glavni autori: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Recurso digital |
| Jezik: | engleski |
| Izdano: |
Zenodo
2025
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| Online pristup: | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16946319 |
| Oznake: |
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- <p><em><span>Forests are essential for maintaining ecological equilibrium, alleviating climate change, and sustaining livelihoods; nonetheless, they face significant threats in several emerging economies. This research analyzes the dynamics of forest degradation within Pakistan's developmental trajectory using yearly data from 1990 to 2023.<span> </span>The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) results indicate a long-term cointegration among forest area, per capita income, carbon emissions, agricultural land growth, rural population, and renewable energy use.<span> </span>According to the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis, increasing income levels correlate with enhancements in forest cover, indicating that economic expansion may provide resources for environmental management.<span> </span>The extension of agricultural land and the increase in the rural population are also positive factors, highlighting the potential for community-driven involvement in forest conservation and sustainable land-use practices.<span> </span>In contrast, carbon emissions and dependence on conventional biomass-based renewable energy substantially reduce forest cover, illustrating the environmental repercussions of industrial operations and energy consumption. The results indicate that the sustainability of Pakistan's forests is mostly influenced by structural environmental, demographic, and land-use variables rather than transient economic dynamics.<span> </span>The study advocates for cohesive policy measures that enhance sustainable agriculture, empower rural populations, reduce emissions, and expedite the transition to contemporary renewable energy, therefore safeguarding ecological resilience and aligning development with enduring environmental sustainability.</span></em></p>