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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Khan, Mustafa
Format: Recurso digital
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Published: Zenodo 2025
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17304697
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Table of Contents:
  • <p> We derive the total energy expression for hydrogen by properly maintaining the asymmetric scalar-vector nature of The Prince Equation. The requirement to treat radial (scalar from dot product) and tangential (vector from cross product) components differently leads to a total energy expression δE(<code>T)</code> = −hv(r) cosθ/[r(1 - sin θ)] with θ = n/(2π). This expression naturally creates confinement at n(max) = 8, explains hydrogen’s chemical reactivity through the n = 8 to 9 transition zone, and unifies covalent, ionic, and van der Waals bonding as different manifestations of the geometric transition from bound to free states.</p>