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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Formato: | Recurso digital |
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| Publicado em: |
Zenodo
2025
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| Acesso em linha: | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17763399 |
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Sumário:
- The discovery that modern humans of non-African descent carry 1% to 6% Neanderthal DNA has fundamentally reshaped our understanding of human evolution. This genetic legacy stems from interbreeding events between early Homo sapiens and Neanderthals during the out-of-Africa migration into Eurasia, approximately 50,000 to 80,000 years ago. Far from a mere historical footnote, Neanderthal introgression influences a spectrum of modern human traits, including immune responses, skin and hair pigmentation, metabolism, and disease susceptibility. This paper reviews the current scientific understanding of Neanderthal genetic contributions to non-African populations. It explores the historical context of admixture, the methodologies used for detection, the genomic regions impacted, and the adaptive and maladaptive consequences for present-day human biology. We delve into the complexities of quantifying Neanderthal ancestry, geographical variations in introgression levels, and the evolutionary forces that have shaped the retention or removal of these archaic genetic segments. The persistent 1-6% Neanderthal genetic legacy underscores a more intricate and interconnected human evolutionary history, demanding a reevaluation of our origins and adaptation.