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Zenodo
2025
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| Accés en línia: | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17823876 |
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- <p><i>Placodus gigas</i> Agassiz, 1833</p><p><b>Holotype.</b></p><p>SNSB-BSPG AS VII 1208, partial skull (Fig. 6 A, B).</p><p><b>Type locality.</b></p><p>Ochsenberg near Laineck (also known as Lainecker Berg or Lainecker Höhenzug), east of Bayreuth, Bavaria.</p><p><b>Type horizon.</b></p><p><i>Ceratites flexuosus</i> through <i>C. compressus</i> Zones, upper part of Trochitenkalk Formation and lower part of Meissner Formation, Upper Muschelkalk Subgroup. Age: Middle Triassic (Anisian: Illyrian). Geyer and Friedlein (2020) considered the Muschelkalk deposits exposed in the region of the Lainecker Höhenzug a distinct unit of marginal marine strata, which they refer to as Eschenbach Formation. They named the subformation that has yielded the holotypes of <i>Placodus gigas</i> and several other taxa of Muschelkalk reptiles (see below) Eschenbach Formation 5.</p><p><b>Referred material.</b></p><p>See Rieppel (1995). A particularly important specimen of <i>Placodus gigas</i> (SMF R 1035) preserves an incomplete skull and much of the postcranial skeleton (Drevermann 1933).</p><p><b>Diagnosis.</b></p><p>Distinguished by the following combination of features: Rostrum spatulate; three enlarged, strongly procumbent premaxillary teeth separated from maxillary teeth by diastema; three transversally expanded palatine tooth plates; nasals, frontals, and parietals fused in adults; jugal extending anteriorly beyond level of anterior orbital margin; prefrontal and postfrontal in contact dorsal to orbit; pterygoid restricted to posterior position on dermal palate; basioccipital tubera in complex ventral relation to dermal palate; ‘ alisphenoid bridge’ underlying olfactory tracts; coronoid process of dentary large; lateral exposure of coronoid bone restricted; mandibular symphysis elongate, formed by dentaries and splenials; neural arches of dorsal vertebrae with elongate transverse processes and hyposphene-hypantrum accessory articulations; neural canal high dorsoventrally and rectangular in cross-section; coracoid small; thyroid fenestra restricted; and humerus expanded distally, without entepicondylar foramen absent (Rieppel 1995).</p><p><b>Comments.</b></p><p>Following the systematic revision by Rieppel (1995), <i>Placodus</i> is now restricted to the type-species <i>Placodus gigas</i>. Rieppel also synonymized <i>Anomosaurus strunzi</i> F. Huene, 1905 c, based on vertebrae from various Muschelkalk strata and localities, with <i>Placodus gigas</i>. F. Huene (1902) already used the generic nomen <i>Anomosaurus</i> without a species name.</p><p><b>References.</b></p><p>Agassiz (1833), F. Huene (1902, 1905 c, 1933), Broili (1912), Edinger (1925), Drevermann (1933), Rieppel (1995), Nosotti and Rieppel (2002), Neenan et al. (2014).</p>