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Zenodo
2025
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17833322 |
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Table of Contents:
- <p>Astrocytes are increasingly recognized as key contributors to the neural computations underlying human memory, yet the extent and mechanisms of their involvement remain insufficiently understood. This study integrates multimodal cognitive laboratory methods—including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), high-density EEG, and standardized memory tasks—to examine the metabolic, oscillatory, and network-level signatures of astrocytic involvement in episodic, associative, and predictive memory. Results demonstrate that hippocampal myo-inositol and lactate concentrations, as well as the glutamine/glutamate ratio, significantly predict individual differences in memory performance across behavioral tasks. EEG–fMRI integration further reveals that slow astrocytic oscillations (0.1–0.3 Hz) precede and modulate periods of high retrieval accuracy by organizing theta– gamma coupling within hippocampo-prefrontal circuits. These findings empirically support key aspects of the predictive integration framework proposed by Karimi Baghmaleki, which posits that astrocytes provide a low-frequency temporal scaffold for long-timescale pattern integration. The results collectively provide strong evidence for a multi-layer astrocytic mechanism of human memory involving metabolic gating, gliotransmission, temporal prediction, and circuit-level coordination, thereby challenging neuron-centric models and advancing a more biologically comprehensive account of memory. <br>Keywords <br>Astrocytes; Memory; Predictive coding; fMRI; MRS; Gliotransmission; Lactate shuttle; Hippocampus; Cognitive neuroscience; Temporal integration; EEG–fMRI; Karimi Baghmaleki theory. </p>