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| Formato: | Recurso digital |
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Zenodo
2024
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| Subjects: | |
| Acceso en liña: | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17918596 |
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Table of Contents:
- <p><a href="https://ijetrm.com/issues/files/Dec-2024-13-1765600936-DEC202457.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Abiotic stresses</a> such as drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, and nutrient deficiencies remain major constraints<br>on global crop productivity and food security. Climate change is intensifying the frequency and severity of these<br>stresses, exposing the limitations of conventional breeding approaches that rely on long selection cycles and<br>environment-dependent phenotyping. Advances in plant genomics, molecular biology, and computational tools<br>are transforming crop improvement by enabling a deeper understanding of stress perception, signal transduction,<br>and adaptive responses at the cellular and whole-plant levels. These insights are reshaping how resilience is<br>engineered into crops, shifting the focus from broad stress avoidance to precise manipulation of tolerance<br>mechanisms. Precision genetic engineering technologies, including CRISPR-based genome editing, base editing,<br>and gene regulation systems, now allow targeted modification of stress-responsive genes, regulatory elements,<br>and metabolic pathways with unprecedented accuracy. When combined with molecular breeding tools such as<br>marker-assisted selection, genomic selection, and high-throughput phenotyping, these approaches accelerate the<br>development of climate-resilient cultivars while preserving agronomic performance and yield stability. Integration<br>of multi-omics data further enhances the identification of key quantitative trait loci and gene networks governing<br>abiotic stress tolerance across diverse environments. This article synthesizes recent progress in precision genetic<br>engineering and molecular breeding for abiotic stress tolerance, highlighting successful case studies, emerging<br>technological synergies, and remaining challenges related to trait complexity, regulatory frameworks, and<br>equitable deployment. By bridging advanced molecular tools with breeding strategies, the review outlines a<br>roadmap for developing robust crop varieties capable of sustaining productivity under increasing environmental<br>stress, supporting resilient agricultural systems and long-term global food security. Such innovations position<br>plant science at the forefront of adaptive solutions for future agriculture globally.</p>