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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Amorim, Dalton De Souza, Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira, Balbi, Maria Isabel P. A., Ang, Yuchen, Torres, Ambrosio, Yeo, Darren, Srivathsan, Amrita, Meier, Rudolf
Format:	Recurso digital
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Published:	Zenodo 2025
Subjects:	Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Diptera Mycetophilidae Manota Manota mahuan
Online Access:	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18312513
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Manota mahuan Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.(Fig. 31A–E)https://singapore.biodiversity.online/species/A-Arth-Hexa-Diptera-000817urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: B3D67417-A320-4819-81D7- BFD518D724D6DiagnosisThorax bright ochre-yellowish, more brownish on posterior fourth medially, pleura very light brown, katepisternum lighter. Laterotergite setose. Macrotrichia on anal lobe membrane. Anterior abdominal segments more dirty-yellowish, segments 4–6 brown. Gonocoxite ventromedial margin lobe setose; parastylar lobe with a digitiform projection ventrad bearing three elongate setae at tip; juxtagonostylar lobe with a wide ventral area from which a slender digitiform is projected, distally with a pair of long juxtagonostylar megasetae directed inward, one of them pointed, the other one capitate at tip; dorsomedial border of gonocoxite approximate to each other medially, posterior margin with a distal extension with a number of long setae at dorsal face and a strong curved setae distally, inner posterior corner with 4–5 setae directed ventrally; gonostylus more or less flattened, inner and outer faces with microtrichia and elongate setae, distal margin with long, curved setae, a subdistal beak directed dorsally with three bristles directed anteriorly.Manota_mahuan _ ZRCBDP 0047061_hapZRCBDP0047061_SMH_holotype [10: C, 125: A, 127:A, 133: T, 144: C, 172: C, 190: G, 196:T, 205: T] tttagctgcCtcaattgctcattctgga gcatcagtagatttatcaattttttccttacatttagcaggaatttcttcaattttagggg cagtaaattttattacaactattattaatatacgtAcAcctaaTataaattttaCtca aatacctttatttgtttgatcagtCttaattacagcaattctGttactTttatcactTcc agttttagcaggagcaattactatacttttaacagatcgaaatttaaatacgtcttttttt gatcctgcggggggtggagacccaattttatatcaacatttatttDescriptionMale (Fig. 31A). Wing length, 1.84; width, 0.66. Head. Brown, a dark brown band at level of line of ocelli. Occiput with 10 strong postocular setae on each side. Antennal scape light brownish-yellow, pedicel and basal two flagellomeres light brown, flagellomeres 3–14 brownish. Face light brown, clypeus, palpus and labella whitish-brown. Flagellomeres 1–2 about as long as wide, flagellomeres 3–13 slightly longer than wide, flagellomere 14 more than twice as long as wide. Maxillary palpomere 4 1.4× palpomere 3 length, palpomere 4 with parasegment; palpomere 5 1.4× palpomere 4 length. Thorax. Scutum brownish-yellowish, darker on posterior fourth, a brown band medio-posteriorly; scutellum light brown. Antepronotum and proepisternum ochre-yellowish, anepisternum brownish-yellow, katepisternum whitish with light brown tinge, mesepimeron light brownish-yellow, laterotergite ochreish-brown, mediotergite light brown on dorsal half, ochreish-brown on ventral half, metepisternum light brown. Anepisternum covered with small setae on dorsal 3/4, katepisternum with a vertical band of small fine setae at level of ventral end of anepisternum; anterior basalare bare; laterotergite setose; metepisternum with 13 fine small setae on anterior 3/4. Haltere stem light brown, knob dark brown. Legs. Coxae whitish, femora light brownish-yellow, tibiae and tarsi light brown, darker towards tip. Wing (Fig. 31B). Membrane brownish fumose. C extending to 4/5 of distance to M 1; R 1 meeting C before mid of wing; sclerotized part of M 2 originating slightly beyond level of tip of R 1. Macrotrichia on membrane of anal lobe and on cell cua. Abdomen. Tergites 1–3 light brownish-yellow with brown mark medio-posteriorly, tergite 4 mostly brownish, with brownish-yellow anterolateral corners, tergites 5–6 brownish, tergite 7, brownish-yellow; sternites 1–5 light brown, sternite 5–6 brown, sternite 7 brownish-yellow. Terminalia (Fig. 31C, D). Terminalia brownish-yellow with whitish gonostylus. Sternite 9 trapezoid, a pair of lobes with a deep anterior medial incision on posterior end and on anterior end, about half of gonocoxite length, slender fusion to gonocoxites at lateral ends. Gonocoxite lobe at ventromedial margin setose, oblique on distal half; parastylar lobe with digitiform projection ventrally bearing three elongate setae at tip; juxtagonostylar lobe with a wide ventral area from which a slender digitiform is projected, distally with a pair of long juxtagonostylar megasetae directed inward, one of them pointed, the other capitate at tip; dorsomedial border of gonocoxite approximate to each other medially, posterior margin with a distal extension bearing a number of long setae at dorsal face and a strong distal curved setae, inner posterior corner with 4–5 setae directed ventrally. Gonostylus about half of gonocoxite length, elongate, more or less flattened, inner and outer faces with microtrichia and elongate setae, distal margin with long, curved setae, a subdistal beak directed dorsally with three strong setae directed anteriorly. Gonocoxal bridge with apodemes directed obliquely. Tegmen triangular, with curved distal end tubular ending pointed, reaching level of mid of gonostylus, apodemes anteriorly directed obliquely outwards. Sternite 10 well-developed, triangular, projected to level of tip of aedeagus opening, with three long setae at distal end, a row of long curved setae on each side directed ventrolaterally close to tip. Tergite 9 arched distally, with scattered microtrichia dorsally and a band of setae along distal margin, four strong setae at margin medially. Cerci elongate, flat, entirely separate from each other, with microtrichia and fine setae, long setae distally.Female. Wing length, 1.76; width, 0.64. Head. Flagellomeres 1–4 about as long as wide, flagellomeres 5–13 slightly longer than wide, flagellomere 14 more than twice as long as wide. Thorax. Metepisternum with 21 small fine setae along sclerite. Wing. Macrotrichia dorsally on membrane of anal lobe. Terminalia (Fig. 31E). Sternite 8 wide at base, trapezoid, distal end with a pair of elongate lobes and a medial incision posteriorly, fine setae entirely covering sclerite, especially on lobes, three longer setae at tip of each lobe. Sternite 9 present as a pair of long sclerotized bands connected distally and diverging towards anterior end, extending anteriorly to distal end of segment 7, anterior arm weakly sclerotized, distal medial end of sternite 9 almost reaching level of tip of lobes of sternite 8, gonopore connected to two gonoducts. Tergite 8 apparently fused to tergite 9, slightly wider at posterior margin than medially, covered with microtrichia and scattered fine setae. Sternite 10 with one pair of long outer setae and one pair of inner short setae on distal margin. Tergite 10 reduced to an inconspicuous slender band and with two pairs of setae, at tip of long digitiform projections, one pair at lateral corners and one pair sub-medially. Cercomere 1 over 3× longer than cercomere 2 rounded, both covered with microtrichia and fine setae.Material examinedHolotype: male, ZRCBDP 0047061, National University of Singapore (PGP), 08.jul.15, MIP leg. (slide-mounted).Paratypes (7 males, 3 females). Males: ZRCBDP 0047100, National University of Singapore (PGP), 08.jul.15, MIP leg.; ZRCBDP 0047101, National University of Singapore (PGP), 08.jul.15, MIP leg.; ZRCBDP 0049301, National University of Singapore (Icube), 01.apr.15, MIP leg.; ZRCBDP 0066723, Bukit Timah, maturing secondary forest (BT06), 16.aug.16, MIP leg.; ZRCBDP 0048305, Pulau Semakau (SMO2), old mangrove, 26.dec.13, MIP leg.; ZRCBDP 0048762, Nee Soon (NS1), 25.feb.15, MIP leg. (extracted); ZRCBDP 0049338, National University of Singapore (PGP), 08.apr.15, MIP leg. (extracted, website photo specimen). Females: ZRCBDP 0048936, Nee Soon (NS1), 31.dec.14, MIP leg.; ZRCBDP 0049137, National University of Singapore (PGP), 22.apr.15, MIP leg. (slide-mounted); ZRCBDP 0072694, Bukit Timah, primary forest (BT05), 01.dec.16, MIP leg.Additional sequenced specimens: ZRCBDP 0066834, Singapore; ZRCBDP 0132821, Singapore; ZRCBDP 0132822, Singapore; ZRCBDP 0133477, Singapore; ZRCBDP 0133516, Singapore; ZRCBDP 0133523, Singapore; ZRCBDP 0133532, Singapore; ZRCBDP 0133533, Singapore; ZRCBDP 0278038, Singapore Botanical Gardens (CUGE), 17.nov.17; ZRCBDP 0278057, Singapore Botanical Gardens (CUGE), 15.dec.17; ZRCBDP 0278263, Singapore, 07.jun.18; ZRCBDP 0278269, Singapore, 07.jun.18; ZRCBDP 0278474, Pulau Ubin (PU17), 17.may.18; ZRCBDP 0279125, Singapore, 31.may.18; ZRCBDP 0279176, Singapore, 31.may.18; ZRCBDP 0284245, Singapore; ZRCBDP 0284246, Singapore; ZRCBDP 0284247, Singapore; ZRCBDP 0284250, Singapore; ZRCBDP 0284251, Singapore; ZRCBDP 0284254, Singapore; ZRCBDP 0284256, Singapore.EtymologyThis species is named after MA HUAN [= Ḛự] (1380–1460), a Chinese Muslim voyager and scribe who followed the Chinese Admiral ZHENG. He explored Southeast Asia and much of the rest of the old world. His book Ying Ya Sheng Lan [= â&umacr;üẍ, “The Overall Survey of the Ocean’s Shores”] was one of the first extensive natural and cultural history records of Southeast Asia, long before those of WALLACE and other Western naturalists. His records mention the Long Ya Men [= AEƬm; “Dragon’s Teeth Gate”], a navigational rock off the coast of Singapore. The noun is used in apposition.RemarksThis is a widespread species in Singapore, occurring in different environments, from the mangroves to swamp forest, primary tropical forest, as well as the degraded secondary forest in urbanized areas. This species is similar to, e.g., Manota anceps Hippa & &Scaron;ev&ccaron;ík and Manota capillata Hippa & &Scaron;ev&ccaron;ík from Sumatra, Manota dolichothrix Hippa & &Scaron;ev&ccaron;ík (Malaysia) and Manota hyboloma Hippa & &Scaron;ev&ccaron;ík from Brunei (HIPPA & &Scaron;EV&Ccaron;ÍK 2010). We have four haplotypes for this species and no delimitation conflicts.

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