Gorde:
| Egile Nagusiak: | , , , , , , , |
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| Formatua: | Recurso digital |
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Zenodo
2025
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| Gaiak: | |
| Sarrera elektronikoa: | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18312906 |
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Etiketa erantsi
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Aurkibidea:
- <p><i>Neoempheria puluochung</i> Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.</p><p>(Figs. 76A–D, 77A, B)</p><p>https://singapore.biodiversity.online/species/A-Arth-Hexa-Diptera-000746</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 69DACA24-2425-4B52-804E-19966A2FC57C</p><p><b>Diagnosis</b></p><p>Head ochre with a brownish tinge; scutum brownish-ochre, darker on posterior margin, scutellum brown; mediotergite brown, with a brown band running across laterotergite, reaching ventral margin of thorax. Abdominal tergites 1–2 and 4 with cream-yellow background, a brown mark medially along tergites 1–2 and on anterior half medially on tergite 4; tergite 3 and 5 mostly brownish, tergite 3 with a yellowish tinge on lateroanterior corner; tergite 7 mostly yellowish, with a brown median tinge. Wing with oblique brown mark across distal third of wing extending from before tip of R 1 to posterior margin more basally than tip of M 4, irregular additional marks more basally, over tip of Sc, cell r1, base of cell m1+2, and on anal lobe close to CuA. Cell r1 rectangular, length of anterior margin 2.2× length of R 4; sc-r reaching bR at level of origin of Rs. Male gonocoxite entirely bare; gonostylus bifid from base, both branches long, slightly widened at apex, inner lobe with a group of slender spines directed inward; parameres with a pair of distal blade-like extensions turned inward midway to apex; tergite 9 with a couple of long, digitiform branches with some short, blunt spines at apex. Female tergite 7 with a pair of digitiform lateroposterior projections reaching level of base of cerci. Female terminalia elongated, sternite 8 with a median short crest between distal lobes.</p><p><i>Neoempheria_puluochung _ ZRCBDP 0047867_hapZRCBDP0047867_SMH_holotype</i> [2: T, 7: C, 25: T, 67: T, 73: T, 194: C, 199: T, 202: A, 205: G, 261: G, 274: A] tT tatcCtcaacaattgctcatacTggagcatctgttgatttagctattttttctttacat ttagcTggaatTtcttctattttaggagctgttaattttattacaacaattattaatata cgagcccctggaattcaatttgatcgaatacctttatttgtttgatctgtattaattac agcagttttattaCttctTtcAttGcctgttttagcaggagctattacaatattatta acagatcgaaatttaaatactaGtttttttgatccAgctggaggaggagacccaa ttttatatcaacatttattt</p><p><b>Description</b></p><p>Male. Wing length, 2.95; width, 1.11. Head. Light ochre-brown at vertex, more ochre-yellow towards frons and on occiput towards ventral margin. Face cream-yellow, clypeus light brown. Antennal scape and pedicel dark ochre-yellow, flagellum brown, flagellomere 1 with ochre base. Maxillary palpus greyish-brown. Labella ochre-brownish. No post-ocellar setae, frons with only two pairs of setae at level of anterior end of ocelli. Scape as long as pedicel, flagellomere 1 1.5× flagellomere 2, flagellomere 4 1.1× longer than wide. Palpomere 4 1.6× palpomere 3 length, palpomere 5 1.7× palpomere 4 length. Thorax. Scutum dark ochre-yellow, more brownish towards posterior end, scutellum ochre-yellowish with a small a brownish mark at anterior margin. Pleural sclerites cream-yellow with an orangish tinge, except for laterotergite, light greyish-brown, darker dorsoposteriorly, and mediotergite brownish on dorsal third. Three pairs of prescutellars, one pair medially, two pairs on lateroposterior corner; one pair of scutellars and a few additional fine setae. Antepronotum with two bristles and some additional long and short setae, proepisternum with one bristle and a few additional setae. Legs. Coxae whitish with orangish tinge, anterior face of fore coxa with a brownish tinge on basal half. Femora ochre-yellow, fore and mid femora darker; tibiae and tarsi light greyish-brown. Tibiae with a few dorsal and lateral setae. Hind tibia inner spur 3.0× longer than tibia width at apex. Fore leg tarsomere 1 0.9× tibia length, 1.0× tarsomere 2 length. Wing (Fig. 76B). Membrane background light greyish, with dark greyish-brown marks over tip of Sc and sc-r, first sector of Rs, R 4, from base of M 4 to posterior margin, and across distal third of wing, beginning at level of base of medial fork. C extending beyond tip of R 5 for a third of distance to M 1. Sc complete, reaching C slightly beyond origin of Rs, sc-r at level of origin of Rs, cell r1 medium-sized, anterior margin of cell r1 1.4× longer than length of first sector of Rs. First sector of Rs 2.0× r-m length; R 4 transverse. False medial vein conspicuous, sclerotized. M 1+2 2.7× r-m length; M 2 slightly curved towards M 1 close to tip; bM 5.6× length of first sector of Rs; M 2 relatively weak on distal third. Cubital pseudovein extending to level of mid of second sector of CuA. M 4 gently sinuous medially, curved towards posterior margin at tip. First sector of CuA 1.2× length of second sector. No ventral macrotrichia on veins, dorsal macrotrichia on entire length of bR, R 1, second sector of Rs, distal fifth of M 1, and at tip of M 4 and distal fourth of second sector of CuA; Sc, sc-r, first sector of Rs, R 4, r-m, bM, M 1+2, M 2 and CuP entirely devoid of setation; a few macrotrichia on membrane of cell sc before tip of R 1. Abdomen. Tergites 1–2 light brown medially with cream-yellow lateral bands, tergite 3 light brown with cream-yellow marks on anterolateral corners, tergite 4 largely cream-yellow with a slender, light brown medial band, tergite 5 light brown, with cream-yellow anterior band, tergite 6 cream-yellow with a pair of light brown marks sub-medially, tergite 7 cream-yellow on anterior half, posterior half light brown. Sternites 1–7 cream-yellow. Terminalia (Fig. 76C, D). Gonocoxites fused along anterior margin, entirely devoid of setae ventrally, a wide medial, weakly sclerotized triangular plate projecting to level of insertion of gonostylus, a pair of long lateroposterior projections slightly widening to apex, bearing small setae on inner face and large scales on ventral face. Gonostylus long, deeply bifid, outer branch curved at base, slightly clavate, bare on proximal 3/4, with three long setae along inner margin distally and a dense group of elongate setulae on dorsal face, inner branch more sclerotized, also clavate, with a number of long setae at outer margin and a concentrated group of setae on inner margin close to apex. Gonocoxal apodemes projected anteriorly, aedeagus with a pair of short apodemes on anterior end, elongate, weakly sclerotized distally. Parameres with a pair of L-shaped digitiform lateroposterior projections, distal part directed inward, with some setulae. Tergite 9 lateroanterior ends articulating to gonocoxites dorsally to insertion of gonostylus, medially along anterior margin with a wide, inverted V-shaped incision, extending posteriorly to almost tip of outer branch of gonostylus, a straight long seta and one very long, curved seta along lateral margin close to base at each side, ventral face of lateroposterior corner extending into a digitiform process almost reaching level of tip of cerci, bearing some long setae on distal half directed ventrally and three short spines directed dorsally. Sternite 10 weakly sclerotized, bare, with a medial rounded posterior incision separating a pair of short lobes. Tergite 10 wider than both cerci, bare, with a medial deep incision on posterior margin. Cerci slender, in contact with each other, placed very distally, entirely covered with dense microtrichia, short setae on dorsal face, setae on distal end longer.</p><p>Female (Fig. 76A). As male, except for the following. Tergite 7 highly modified, short medially, with a pair of digitiform expansions laterally reaching level of base of cerci. Sternites 1–8 ochre-yellow. Terminalia (Fig. 77A, B). Mostly ochre-yellow, tergite 8 light brown. Sternite 8 trapezoid, slender distal end with a medial incision separating a pair of slender lobes, microtrichia scattered over entire sclerite, setae restrict to tip of lobes. Sternite 9 with a wide anterior end, a pair of sclerotized arms medially. Sternite 10 rectangular, with a large transparent window. Tergite 8 bare, wide, more sclerotized laterally; tergite 9+10 wide, slender, with a row of setae along posterior margin, a few short digitiform projections laterally with a distal seta. Cerci elongate, dorsoventrally compressed, covered with short setae and microtrichia, cercomere 1 wider midway to apex, 3.2× cercomere 2 length, cercomere 2 slightly ovoid.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype: male, ZRCBDP 0047867, Nee Soon (NS2), swamp forest, 02.oct.13, MIP leg. (slide-mounted).</p><p>Paratypes: 3 females, ZRCBDP 0048493, Nee Soon (NS1), swamp forest, 11.apr.12, MIP leg. (website photo specimen, slide-mounted); ZRCBDP 0048494, Nee Soon (NS1), swamp forest, 23.may.12, MIP leg. (website photo specimen, extracted); ZRCBDP 0049005, Nee Soon (NS2), 17.dec.14, MIP leg. (extracted).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The species epithet refers to the name Pu Luo Chung, the Mandarin transcription [<b>DZāę</b>] of Pulau Ujong in the oldest known written document referring to Singapore, from the third century. The Malay name “Pulau Ujong” literally means “island at the end”. The noun is used in apposition.</p><p><b>Remarks</b></p><p>There are three haplotypes for <i>Neoempheria puluochung</i> <b>sp. n.</b>, recognized as a single species by all of the delimitation algorithms except PTP, which splits it into two separate species.</p>