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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Formato: | Recurso digital |
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Zenodo
2013
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18601713 |
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Sumário:
- <p><b><i>Homoneura grandis</i> species group</b></p><p>Large bodied lauxaniids: body length 6.0– 7.8 mm, wing length 6.0–8.0 mm. Body and legs yellow, wing with characteristic large brown spots.</p><p>Prefrons (facial plate) with a pair of shallow depressions below antennae. Postfrons usually with a medial brown ochre or light brown stripe, 2 pairs of strong fronto-orbitals, very long inner and outer verticals, postverticals long and crossing. Ocellar pair long and thick, originating inside or on border of ocellar triangle, and almost reaching lunule. Ocellar triangle concolorous, very small, only about 1/7 of frontal width. A single row of long and thick postocular setae. Gena not broad, only 2/11–1/5 of the height of head. Genal setae not peristomal, since prefrons much broadened below, encompassing c. 3/4 of mouth opening. Some longer postgenal setae present. Clypeus about 1/4 width of head.</p><p>Scape small, pedicel ventrally with some setae: the longest one as long as first flagellomere or almost so; also a long dorsal seta present on pedicel. First flagellomere about 3 times as long as pedicel and about 2 times longer than high with long dense grey cilia, particularly so apically. Arista dorsally with short (0.20–0.25 mm) rays.</p><p>Postscutellum weakly developed. Thoracic squama present only as a curved very narrow membrane over the border of meso- and metathorax, alar squama distinct with marginal cilia. 3 pairs of strong postsutural dorsocentral setae, anterior pair just behind suture. Prescutellar acrostichal pair extremely long, as long as or even longer than scutellum. Acrostichal setulae not well-ordered, c. 12 rows between anterior dorsocentrals. Scutellum large, broad, about 3/4 as broad as thorax. Notopleuron bare, i.e. free of microchaetae. Other characteristic setal pairs: 1 postpronotal, 2 notopleurals, 2 strong pairs of supraalars, 1 posterior intra- alar. No anterior intra- alar seta. Supracoxal seta distinct, as long as antenna. Anepisternum with a strong seta on posterior margin and with numerous setulae on its caudal 3/5–3/4. Katepisternum with 2 strong setae, both are rather caudal, also with numerous setulae like on anepisternum. Katepisternal setulae longer ventrally.</p><p>Legs yellow, tarsi ochre or darker (a lighter brown). Fore femur with a ctenidium of 13–14 short sharp setulae. Legs otherwise have no specific features, which would separate them from the other species groups of <i>Homoneura</i> s. lato. Wing light yellow or yellowish grey with larger brown spots on apical section of R 2+3, R 4+5 and M 1+2, also a proximal spot on R 4+5 and a larger diffuse though not darker brown around M-M crossvein. Costa with an unbroken row of short thick setae to the apex of R 4+5. Discal cell long, R-M crossvein proximal to middle of discal cell. Distal section of vein M 3+4 very short. Halter comparatively small, knob yellow, at most light brownish.</p><p>Abdomen yellow (at most ochre), with whitish or light greyish white tomentum. Marginal setae of preabdominal tergites only medium- long.</p><p>Syntergosternite (segment 7+8) forms a closed ring, not fused to epandrium at all, but ventrally weakly sclerotised, so in stronger hydroxide treatment it may be largely dissolved i.e. without a ventral pair of cranially directed sclerotised processes.</p><p>Epandrium bulging, ventrally “open” with rather small ventral cerci. Subepandrial sclerite weakly sclerotised, present as medially fused oblique plates. Surstylus long, apex blunt, surstylus extended basally, long setae on its outer surface only. Inner (medial) surface of surstylus with thick short peg-like processes (they do not seem to be setae). Lateral wall of surstylus partly fused with epandrium with strong border, inner wall lengthened into a flat plate inside epandrium. The whole inner genitalia are asymmetrical. Hypandrium transverse with 1 pair of ventral processes, which may be divided or bear smaller processes (Figs 7–10). Hypandrial apodeme usually short. Postgonite (gonopod) (Figs 13–14) composed of 3 processes: medial process directly connected to phallapodeme (Fig. 13), lateral (double) process connected to phallapodeme through membranes only. Phallus simple and well sclerotised, usually subcylindrical (Figs 11–12). Phallapodeme closer to postgonites than to phallus and <i>not</i> fused to phallus (in contrast to the type species of <i>Homoneura</i>). Ejaculatory apodeme was not observed.</p><p>Female terminalia simple, cercus comparatively long. Sternite 8 with long sharp lateral processes.</p>