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Ngā taipitopito rārangi puna kōrero
Ngā kaituhi matua:	Lörz, Anne-Nina, Engel, Laura, Jereczek, Halina, Ćwierz, Nikodem, Jażdżewska, Anna M.
Hōputu:	Recurso digital
Reo:
I whakaputaina:	Zenodo 2026
Ngā marau:	Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Arthropoda Malacostraca Amphipoda Eusiridae Cleonardo Cleonardo compassionate
Urunga tuihono:	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19202717
Ngā Tūtohu:	Tāpirihia he Tūtohu Kāore He Tūtohu, Me noho koe te mea tuatahi ki te tūtohu i tēnei pūkete!

Rārangi ihirangi:

Cleonardo compassionate sp. nov.Figs 5, 6, 7, 8, 9Eusiridae ADF 7841: Ja&zdot;d&zdot;ewska and Mamos 2019: fig. 2 A.Type material.Holotype: Pacific • mature female, 10 mm, SMF 62814, COI: PQ 734425, body remnants and one slide with appendages; Clarion-Clipperton Zone, OMS exploration contract area, R / V Thompson, ABYSSLINE- 2, EBS, AB 2 - EB 06, 01/03/2015, 12°15.06'N, 117°19.2'W, 4137 m. Paratype: Pacific • mature male, 10 mm (urosome broken off), SMF 62815, COI: PQ 734442, Clarion-Clipperton Zone, BGR exploration contract area, R / V Sonne, MANGAN 2018, EBS, SO 262-150, 07/05/2018, 11°50.009'N, 116°14.780'W – 11°49.978'N, 116°13.316'W, 4074–4095 m.Additional material.Pacific • Clarion-Clipperton Zone; BGR exploration contract area, several stations • abyss adjacent to Kuril-Kamchatka Trench, one station (Table 2).Type locality.Abyssal Pacific Ocean, Clarion-Clipperton Zone, 12°15.06'N, 117°19.2'W, 4137 m.Description.Body (Figs 5, 6): dorsally smooth.Head (Figs 5, 6): rostrum slightly curved and 1 / 3 length of peduncle 1 of antenna 1; head lobes rounded, slightly produced.Eyes (Figs 5, 6): present, small, rounded, white in preserved specimen.Antenna 1 (Fig. 7): ~ 1 / 2 body length, same length as antenna 2; article 1 of antenna 1 length 2 × as long as broad and extended into a blunt point; article 2 thinner and longer than article 1 and ending in a dentate extension; simple and plumose setae on articles 1 and 2; article 3 short, but longer than first segment of flagellum; accessory flagellum uni-articulated, thin and as long as first article of flagellum; flagellum 69 - articulated and longer than articles 1, 2, and 3 combined, articles of flagellum short except for first article which is as long as next four articles, and last six articles which are longer than previous articles, with the last one the longest; calceoli on posterior margin of flagellum, no calceoli on last six segments; short simple setae along flagellum.Antenna 2 (Fig. 7): ~ 1 / 2 body length; articles 1–3 short, with plumose setae; article 3 length 1 / 5 of article 4; article 4 broader and slightly longer than article 5, both articles with simple and plumose setae as well as calceoli on posterior margin; flagellum 46 - articulated, shorter than articles 4 and 5 combined; articles short except for first article which is as long as next four articles, and last three articles longer than previous ones; calceoli on posterior margin of flagellum, but no calceoli on last four articles; short setae on flagellum.Mandibles (Fig. 7): palp tri-articulated, article 1 length 1 / 3 of article 2; article 2 of left mandible with many short setae on outer margin; article 3 little shorter than article 2; article 3 with one strong pectinated setae on lateral side and at apex; articles 2 and 3 with long setae and additionally with few plumose setae on tip of article 3; right lacinia mobilis tridentate, incisor is one long tooth plate; mandible corpus with five dentated setae and one normal thin seta, left lacinia six-dentate, mandible corpus with row of four dentated setae and one thin normal one; molar tubercle of left mandible prominent with dozens of denticles, and carrying a small plumose setae at the lower corner; molar of right mandible missing.Maxillae 1 (Fig. 7): inner lobe of right maxilla 1 missing; inner lobe of left maxilla 1 not reaching length of outer lobe with two plumose setae; outer lobe with 11 spine-teeth, first row with four spine-teeth of which three are six-dentate and one uni-dentate, second row with seven spine-teeth of which six are more than ten-dentate and one uni-dentate.Maxillae 2 (Fig. 7): inner lobe broader and reaching length of outer; inner lobe with short smooth setae and plumose setae, additionally one stronger plumose seta; posterior and lower anterior margins with very thin setae; outer lobe with long simple setae on tip and long plumose ones on inner margin.Maxilliped (Fig. 7): inner lobes nearly reaching length of article 1 of palp with three teeth and thick plumose setae; outer lobes reaching 1 / 2 of article 2 of palp, with many strong setae along inner margin, setae on apex and posterior margin longer and plumose; palp four-articulated; article 1 length 1 / 2 of article 3; articles 2 and 3 with longer plumose setae; dactylus with seven strong setae.Upper lip (Fig. 7): entire, ventral margin broadly rounded, with fine setae.Lower lip (Fig. 7): broad, outer lobes with little incision.Pereon: Gnathopod 1 (Fig. 8): slightly smaller than gnathopod 2 but of a similar shape, both strongly subchelate; coxa approx. same size as following coxae, strongly widening distally, axe-shaped, anterior corner rounded, slightly produced, posterior corner rounded, little notch on posterior and anterior corner, surface of coxa with few small spines; basis long and elongated, with many plumose and smooth setae; merus with long plumose setae; carpal lobe broad, slightly produced, but not reaching palmar angle, carpal lobe with eight rows of ~ 8 plumose setae, the first row with only two smooth setae the other rows with eight plumose setae; subovate propodus with few setae on posterior margin and apex; palm with plumose setae, shorter smooth setae and seven spines; palmar angle with nine spines of different sizes (two of these are broken and seem to have been very long like in other Cleonardo species); dactylus with eight small spines.Gnathopod 2 (Fig. 8): larger than gnathopod 1; coxa nearly rectangular, anteroproximal corner produced, anterodistal corner rounded, with one notch that carries one thin seta, posterior margin straight with one stronger spine on upper half, posterodistal corner with two notches, each carrying one seta, surface of coxa with small spines; basis longer and a bit wider than in gnathopod 1; carpal lobe is more elongated and nearly reaching palmar angle, with eight rows of setae, with the first row only consisting of one smooth seta, the other seven consisting of eight plumose setae; propodus more elongated and more egg-shaped, palm with seven strong spines and shorter smooth and plumose setae, palmar angle with ten strong spines; dactylus broken off.Pereopod 3 (Fig. 9): coxa similar to coxa 2, with straight anterior and posterior margins and one little notch at anterodistal corner and two at posterodistal corner, with strong spine proximally on posterior margin, surface of coxa with many small spines; basis long and slender, with short setae on inner, and long setae on outer and inner margins; merus 2 / 3 length of basis, with long plumose setae and short smooth ones; next articles broken off.Pereopod 4 (Fig. 9): coxa 4 anterior margin straight, rounded below, posterior margin excavated and more pointed, surface of coxa with many small spines; similar to pereopod 3; basis is slender and long, with many smooth and plumose setae; merus shorter than basis but with longer plumose setae; next articles broken off.Pereopod 5 (Figs 5, 6): coxa 5: bilobed, with anterior lobe slightly shorter than posterior lobe; subsequent articles missing.Pereopod 6 (Fig. 9): coxa 2 × as broad as long, corners rounded, little notch on anterior margin; basis large and ovate, anterior margin serrated and with spines, surface of basis with spines and row of long setae, posterodistal corner produced along ischium; merus is damaged; carpus longer than propodus; dactylus longer than propodus, with setae along its margins and tip.Pereopod 7 (Fig. 9): coxa anteriorly produced, nearly oval, corners rounded; similar to pereopod 6, but with slightly longer articles; basis large ovate, serrated on posterior margin, with little spines along the margins, surface of basis with row of long setae, posterodistal corner of basis drawn into lobe exceeding ischium; merus shorter than basis, with spines; carpus longer than propodus; dactylus longer than propodus, with setae along its margins and tip.Pleon: Epimeral plate 1 (Figs 5, 6): anterior and posterior margins rounded, ventral margin convex; plate with small spines.Epimeral plate 2 (Figs 5, 6): anterior margin concave, anterodistal corner rounded and produced, posterior margin convex, posterodistal corner rectangular; plate with small spines.Epimeral plate 3 (Figs 5, 6): anterior margin less concave, anterodistal corner rounded, posterior margin slightly rounded, posterodistal corner slightly acute; plate with small spines.Urosome: Urosomites 1–3 (Figs 5, 6): urosomite 1 longer than other two.Uropod 1 (Fig. 8): lanceolate; peduncle longer than rami, dorsolateral and dorsomedial margins with eight and nine spines, respectively; inner ramus longer than outer; margins of rami and peduncle with spines on dorsolateral and dorsomedial margins with 11 and 15 spines, respectively; slightly shorter than telson.Uropod 2 (Fig. 8): lanceolate; peduncle as long as outer ramus, with inner corner acute, dorsolateral and dorsomedial margins with four and nine spines, respectively; inner ramus longer than outer; dorsolateral and dorsomedial margins with 14 and 17 spines, respectively; barely exceeding telson.Uropod 3 (Fig. 8): lanceolate; peduncle short, inner corner acute, dorsolateral and dorsomedial margins with four spines; inner ramus longer than outer dorsolateral and dorsomedial margins with eight and nine spines, respectively; barely exceeding telson.Telson (Fig. 9): deeply cleft, ~ 80 %, narrowing distally, lobes slightly separating towards the tip.Oostegite (Fig. 9): slender and long; serrated and with long setae.Remarks.Cleonardo compassionate sp. nov. shows the most similarity to Cleonardo daniela sp. nov., Cleonardo biscayensis Chevreux, 1908 and Cleonardo longipes Stebbing, 1888, but multiple differences are still present, as summarized in Table 3.Further differences to C. longipes are: eyes present (vs absent); antenna 1, same length as antenna 2 (vs antenna 1 shorter than 2), article 2 with lateral dentate extension (vs no lateral dentation), accessory flagellum thin and as long as first article of flagellum (vs accessory flagellum shorter), flagellum 69 - articulated with first article of flagellum as long as the three following articles, articles of flagellum very thin (vs first article as long as five or six subsequent articles and not thin); antenna 2, articles 4 and 5 equal in length and both with calceoli on posterior margin (vs article 4 longer than article 5 and calceoli on anterior margin); mandible, palp article 1 longer, ~ 1 / 3 of article 2, article 3 shorter than article 2 (vs article 2 shorter); maxilliped, dactylus with 7 short strong setae (vs 10 setae); coxa 1, no spines on hind margin (vs one spine on hind margin); gnathopod 1, carpal lobe rounded and weakly produced (vs carpal lobe more elongated and nearly reaching palmar angle); gnathopod 2, carpal lobe more elongated than in gnathopod 1, but still quite short (vs carpal lobe similar as in gnathopod 1); pereopods 5–7, carpus longer than propodus, dactylus same length as propodus (vs dactylus 2 / 3 of length of propodus and carpus shorter than propodus); uropod 3 without plumose setae (vs with plumose setae). The differences between the new species and C. biscayensis are as follows: eyes present (vs absent); antenna 1, same length as antenna 2 (vs antenna 1 longer than 2); antenna 2 with calceoli on posterior margin (vs calceoli on anterior margin), flagellum shorter than articles 4 and 5 combined (vs flagellum much longer); mandible, palp article 1 longer, ~ 1 / 3 of article 2, article 3 shorter than article 2 (vs article 2 shorter than article 3); gnathopod 1, carpal lobe rounded and weakly produced (vs carpal lobe more elongated and nearly reaching palmar angle); pereopods 5–7, carpus longer than propodus, dactylus same length as propodus (vs carpus not longer than propodus); uropod 3 with both margins of both rami with multiple spines (vs uropod 3 with one additional strong spine on inner ramus).Variation.This species shows sexual dimorphism. Antennae 1 and 2 in males are longer than in females, article 1 of antenna 1 has long rows of brush setae (vs no brush setae in female). Additionally, males have calceoli on flagellum (Figs 11, 12).Etymology.The name ‘ compassionate ’ is used as a noun in apposition, defined as the feeling that arises when you are confronted with another’s suffering and feel motivated to relieve that suffering.Distribution.Abyssal Pacific Ocean, Clarion-Clipperton Zone in 4074–4352 m depth and Northwest Pacific Ocean, Kuril-Kamchatka Trench area in 5222–5223 m.Molecular identification.Following the definition given by Pleijel et al. (2008), the sequence of the holotype male of Cleonardo compassionate sp. nov. (SMF 62814, GenBank accession number PQ 734425) is designed as a hologenophore of all obtained sequences. The sequences of the paratypes and additional individuals of the species are also available in GenBank (Table 2). Furthermore, the species has received a Barcode Index Number from Barcode of Life Data Systems: BOLD: ADF 7841 (https://doi.org/10.5883/BOLD:ADF7841).

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