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| Главный автор: | |
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| Формат: | Recurso digital |
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| Опубликовано: |
Zenodo
2026
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| Online-ссылка: | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20317600 |
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Оглавление:
- <p>This article examines the growing role of Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) in implementing parallel diplomacy as a complementary track to official diplomacy in the context of increasingly complex international relations and the diversification of international actors. It highlights the shift from state-centered diplomacy toward people-centered international engagement, enabling civil society organizations to become influential actors in peacebuilding, conflict mitigation, dialogue facilitation, and international understanding.</p> <p>The article further explores the contributions of civil society organizations to promoting human rights, sustainable development, social justice, and gender inclusion, while emphasizing their integration into international cooperation frameworks. In addition, it discusses major challenges limiting their effectiveness, including financial constraints, limited institutional coordination with official diplomatic channels, and restricted influence on formal policymaking processes.</p> <p>The study concludes that institutionalizing and strengthening the participation of civil society organizations in foreign policy processes has become increasingly important for enhancing the effectiveness of parallel diplomacy and supporting broader international policy objectives.</p> <p>Parallel Diplomacy; Civil Society Organizations; Track Two Diplomacy; Public Diplomacy; Cultural Diplomacy; International Relations; Peacebuilding; NGOs; Sustainable Development; Foreign Policy</p>