Novel constraints on fifth forces and ultralight dark sector with asteroidal data
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2021
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| author | Tsai, Yu-Dai Wu, Youjia Vagnozzi, Sunny Visinelli, Luca |
| author_facet | Tsai, Yu-Dai Wu, Youjia Vagnozzi, Sunny Visinelli, Luca |
| contents | We study for the first time the possibility of probing long-range fifth forces utilizing asteroid astrometric data, via the fifth force-induced orbital precession. We examine nine Near-Earth Object (NEO) asteroids whose orbital trajectories are accurately determined via optical and radar astrometry. Focusing on a Yukawa-type potential mediated by a new gauge field (dark photon) or a baryon-coupled scalar, we estimate the sensitivity reach for the fifth force coupling strength and mediator mass in the mass range $m \simeq (10^{-21}-10^{-15})\,{\rm eV}$, near the ``fuzzy'' dark matter region. Our estimated sensitivity is comparable to leading limits from equivalence principle tests, potentially exceeding these in a specific mass range. Furthermore, we set new constraints on Yukawa gravity. The fifth force-induced precession increases with the orbital semi-major axis in the limit of a small mass $m$, motivating the study of objects further away from the Sun. We discuss future prospects for extending our study to more than a million asteroids, including NEOs, main-belt asteroids, Hildas, and Jupiter Trojans, as well as trans-Neptunian objects and exoplanets. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2107_04038 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Novel constraints on fifth forces and ultralight dark sector with asteroidal data Tsai, Yu-Dai Wu, Youjia Vagnozzi, Sunny Visinelli, Luca High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Earth and Planetary Astrophysics General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology We study for the first time the possibility of probing long-range fifth forces utilizing asteroid astrometric data, via the fifth force-induced orbital precession. We examine nine Near-Earth Object (NEO) asteroids whose orbital trajectories are accurately determined via optical and radar astrometry. Focusing on a Yukawa-type potential mediated by a new gauge field (dark photon) or a baryon-coupled scalar, we estimate the sensitivity reach for the fifth force coupling strength and mediator mass in the mass range $m \simeq (10^{-21}-10^{-15})\,{\rm eV}$, near the ``fuzzy'' dark matter region. Our estimated sensitivity is comparable to leading limits from equivalence principle tests, potentially exceeding these in a specific mass range. Furthermore, we set new constraints on Yukawa gravity. The fifth force-induced precession increases with the orbital semi-major axis in the limit of a small mass $m$, motivating the study of objects further away from the Sun. We discuss future prospects for extending our study to more than a million asteroids, including NEOs, main-belt asteroids, Hildas, and Jupiter Trojans, as well as trans-Neptunian objects and exoplanets. |
| title | Novel constraints on fifth forces and ultralight dark sector with asteroidal data |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Earth and Planetary Astrophysics General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.04038 |