Signal model and event reconstruction for the radio detection of inclined air showers
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2022
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| _version_ | 1866910642501320704 |
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| author | Schlüter, Felix Huege, Tim |
| author_facet | Schlüter, Felix Huege, Tim |
| contents | The detection of inclined air showers (zenith angles $θ\gtrsim 65^\circ$) with kilometer-spaced radio-antenna arrays allows measuring cosmic rays at ultra-high energies ($E \lesssim 10^{20}\,\mathrm{eV}$). Radio and particle detector arrays provide independent measurements of the electromagnetic and muonic shower components of inclined air showers, respectively. Combined, these measurements have a large sensitivity to discriminate between air showers initiated by lighter and heavier cosmic rays.
We have developed a precise model of the two-dimensional, highly complex and asymmetric lateral radio-signal distributions of inclined air shower at ground -- the ``radio-emission footprints''. Our model explicitly describes the dominant geomagnetic emission with a rotationally symmetric lateral distribution function, on top of which additional effects disturb the symmetry. The asymmetries are associated with the interference between the geomagnetic and sub-dominant charge-excess emission as well as with geometrical projection effects, so-called ``early-late'' effects. Our fully analytic model describes the entire footprint with only two observables: the geometrical distance between the shower impact point at the ground and the shower maximum $d_\mathrm{max}$, and the geomagnetic radiation energy $E_\mathrm{geo}$. We demonstrate that with this model, the electromagnetic shower energy can be reconstructed by kilometer-spaced antenna arrays with an intrinsic resolution of 5\% and a negligible bias. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2203_04364 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Signal model and event reconstruction for the radio detection of inclined air showers Schlüter, Felix Huege, Tim High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics The detection of inclined air showers (zenith angles $θ\gtrsim 65^\circ$) with kilometer-spaced radio-antenna arrays allows measuring cosmic rays at ultra-high energies ($E \lesssim 10^{20}\,\mathrm{eV}$). Radio and particle detector arrays provide independent measurements of the electromagnetic and muonic shower components of inclined air showers, respectively. Combined, these measurements have a large sensitivity to discriminate between air showers initiated by lighter and heavier cosmic rays. We have developed a precise model of the two-dimensional, highly complex and asymmetric lateral radio-signal distributions of inclined air shower at ground -- the ``radio-emission footprints''. Our model explicitly describes the dominant geomagnetic emission with a rotationally symmetric lateral distribution function, on top of which additional effects disturb the symmetry. The asymmetries are associated with the interference between the geomagnetic and sub-dominant charge-excess emission as well as with geometrical projection effects, so-called ``early-late'' effects. Our fully analytic model describes the entire footprint with only two observables: the geometrical distance between the shower impact point at the ground and the shower maximum $d_\mathrm{max}$, and the geomagnetic radiation energy $E_\mathrm{geo}$. We demonstrate that with this model, the electromagnetic shower energy can be reconstructed by kilometer-spaced antenna arrays with an intrinsic resolution of 5\% and a negligible bias. |
| title | Signal model and event reconstruction for the radio detection of inclined air showers |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.04364 |