Superradiance and Subradiance in Dense Atomic Gases: An Integrated Method
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2022
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| _version_ | 1866914944658702336 |
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| author | Ma, Hanzhen Rubies-Bigorda, Oriol Yelin, Susanne F. |
| author_facet | Ma, Hanzhen Rubies-Bigorda, Oriol Yelin, Susanne F. |
| contents | When atoms are coupled to a common electromagnetic environment, the exchange of photons through dipole-dipole interactions leads to the emergence of cooperative effects. As a particular example, superradiance arises from spontaneous emission when this exchange leads to constructive interference of the emitted photons. Here, we introduce an integrated method for studying cooperative radiation in many-body systems. This method, which allows to study extended systems with arbitrarily large number of particles, can be formulated by an effective, nonlinear, two-atom master equation that describes the dynamics using a closed form which treats single- and many-body terms on an equal footing. We apply this method to a homogeneous gas of initially inverted two-level atoms, and demonstrate the appearance of both superradiance and subradiance, identifying a many-body coherence term as the source of these cooperative effects. We describe the many-body induced broadening -- which is analytically found to scale with the optical depth of the system -- and light shifts, and distinguish spontaneous effects from induced ones. In addition, we theoretically predict the time-dependence of subradiance, and the phase change of the radiated field during the cooperative decay. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2205_15255 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Superradiance and Subradiance in Dense Atomic Gases: An Integrated Method Ma, Hanzhen Rubies-Bigorda, Oriol Yelin, Susanne F. Quantum Physics When atoms are coupled to a common electromagnetic environment, the exchange of photons through dipole-dipole interactions leads to the emergence of cooperative effects. As a particular example, superradiance arises from spontaneous emission when this exchange leads to constructive interference of the emitted photons. Here, we introduce an integrated method for studying cooperative radiation in many-body systems. This method, which allows to study extended systems with arbitrarily large number of particles, can be formulated by an effective, nonlinear, two-atom master equation that describes the dynamics using a closed form which treats single- and many-body terms on an equal footing. We apply this method to a homogeneous gas of initially inverted two-level atoms, and demonstrate the appearance of both superradiance and subradiance, identifying a many-body coherence term as the source of these cooperative effects. We describe the many-body induced broadening -- which is analytically found to scale with the optical depth of the system -- and light shifts, and distinguish spontaneous effects from induced ones. In addition, we theoretically predict the time-dependence of subradiance, and the phase change of the radiated field during the cooperative decay. |
| title | Superradiance and Subradiance in Dense Atomic Gases: An Integrated Method |
| topic | Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.15255 |