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InAs-Al Hybrid Devices Passing the Topological Gap Protocol

Fuente: arXiv

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Auteurs principaux:	Aghaee, Morteza, Akkala, Arun, Alam, Zulfi, Ali, Rizwan, Ramirez, Alejandro Alcaraz, Andrzejczuk, Mariusz, Antipov, Andrey E, Aseev, Pavel, Astafev, Mikhail, Bauer, Bela, Becker, Jonathan, Boddapati, Srini, Boekhout, Frenk, Bommer, Jouri, Hansen, Esben Bork, Bosma, Tom, Bourdet, Leo, Boutin, Samuel, Caroff, Philippe, Casparis, Lucas, Cassidy, Maja, Christensen, Anna Wulf, Clay, Noah, Cole, William S, Corsetti, Fabiano, Cui, Ajuan, Dalampiras, Paschalis, Dokania, Anand, de Lange, Gijs, de Moor, Michiel, Saldaña, Juan Carlos Estrada, Fallahi, Saeed, Fathabad, Zahra Heidarnia, Gamble, John, Gardner, Geoff, Govender, Deshan, Griggio, Flavio, Grigoryan, Ruben, Gronin, Sergei, Gukelberger, Jan, Heedt, Sebastian, Zamorano, Jesús Herranz, Ho, Samantha, Holgaard, Ulrik Laurens, Nielsen, William Hvidtfelt Padkær, Ingerslev, Henrik, Krogstrup, Peter Jeppesen, Johansson, Linda, Jones, Jeffrey, Kallaher, Ray, Karimi, Farhad, Karzig, Torsten, King, Evelyn, Kloster, Maren Elisabeth, Knapp, Christina, Kocon, Dariusz, Koski, Jonne, Kostamo, Pasi, Kumar, Mahesh, Laeven, Tom, Larsen, Thorvald, Li, Kongyi, Lindemann, Tyler, Love, Julie, Lutchyn, Roman, Manfra, Michael, Memisevic, Elvedin, Nayak, Chetan, Nijholt, Bas, Madsen, Morten Hannibal, Markussen, Signe, Martinez, Esteban, McNeil, Robert, Mullally, Andrew, Nielsen, Jens, Nurmohamed, Anne, O'Farrell, Eoin, Otani, Keita, Pauka, Sebastian, Petersson, Karl, Petit, Luca, Pikulin, Dima, Preiss, Frank, Perez, Marina Quintero, Rasmussen, Katrine, Rajpalke, Mohana, Razmadze, Davydas, Reentila, Outi, Reilly, David, Rouse, Richard, Sadovskyy, Ivan, Sainiemi, Lauri, Schreppler, Sydney, Sidorkin, Vadim, Singh, Amrita, Singh, Shilpi, Sinha, Sarat, Sohr, Patrick, Stankevič, Tomaš, Stek, Lieuwe, Suominen, Henri, Suter, Judith, Svidenko, Vicky, Teicher, Sam, Temuerhan, Mine, Thiyagarajah, Nivetha, Tholapi, Raj, Thomas, Mason, Toomey, Emily, Upadhyay, Shivendra, Urban, Ivan, Vaitiekėnas, Saulius, Van Hoogdalem, Kevin, Viazmitinov, Dmitrii V., Waddy, Steven, Van Woerkom, David, Vogel, Dominik, Watson, John, Weston, Joseph, Winkler, Georg W., Yang, Chung Kai, Yau, Sean, Yi, Daniel, Yucelen, Emrah, Webster, Alex, Zeisel, Roland, Zhao, Ruichen
Format:	Preprint
Publié:	2022
Sujets:	Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Accès en ligne:	Acceder al recurso
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_version_	1866929661079977984
author	Aghaee, Morteza Akkala, Arun Alam, Zulfi Ali, Rizwan Ramirez, Alejandro Alcaraz Andrzejczuk, Mariusz Antipov, Andrey E Aseev, Pavel Astafev, Mikhail Bauer, Bela Becker, Jonathan Boddapati, Srini Boekhout, Frenk Bommer, Jouri Hansen, Esben Bork Bosma, Tom Bourdet, Leo Boutin, Samuel Caroff, Philippe Casparis, Lucas Cassidy, Maja Christensen, Anna Wulf Clay, Noah Cole, William S Corsetti, Fabiano Cui, Ajuan Dalampiras, Paschalis Dokania, Anand de Lange, Gijs de Moor, Michiel Saldaña, Juan Carlos Estrada Fallahi, Saeed Fathabad, Zahra Heidarnia Gamble, John Gardner, Geoff Govender, Deshan Griggio, Flavio Grigoryan, Ruben Gronin, Sergei Gukelberger, Jan Heedt, Sebastian Zamorano, Jesús Herranz Ho, Samantha Holgaard, Ulrik Laurens Nielsen, William Hvidtfelt Padkær Ingerslev, Henrik Krogstrup, Peter Jeppesen Johansson, Linda Jones, Jeffrey Kallaher, Ray Karimi, Farhad Karzig, Torsten King, Evelyn Kloster, Maren Elisabeth Knapp, Christina Kocon, Dariusz Koski, Jonne Kostamo, Pasi Kumar, Mahesh Laeven, Tom Larsen, Thorvald Li, Kongyi Lindemann, Tyler Love, Julie Lutchyn, Roman Manfra, Michael Memisevic, Elvedin Nayak, Chetan Nijholt, Bas Madsen, Morten Hannibal Markussen, Signe Martinez, Esteban McNeil, Robert Mullally, Andrew Nielsen, Jens Nurmohamed, Anne O'Farrell, Eoin Otani, Keita Pauka, Sebastian Petersson, Karl Petit, Luca Pikulin, Dima Preiss, Frank Perez, Marina Quintero Rasmussen, Katrine Rajpalke, Mohana Razmadze, Davydas Reentila, Outi Reilly, David Rouse, Richard Sadovskyy, Ivan Sainiemi, Lauri Schreppler, Sydney Sidorkin, Vadim Singh, Amrita Singh, Shilpi Sinha, Sarat Sohr, Patrick Stankevič, Tomaš Stek, Lieuwe Suominen, Henri Suter, Judith Svidenko, Vicky Teicher, Sam Temuerhan, Mine Thiyagarajah, Nivetha Tholapi, Raj Thomas, Mason Toomey, Emily Upadhyay, Shivendra Urban, Ivan Vaitiekėnas, Saulius Van Hoogdalem, Kevin Viazmitinov, Dmitrii V. Waddy, Steven Van Woerkom, David Vogel, Dominik Watson, John Weston, Joseph Winkler, Georg W. Yang, Chung Kai Yau, Sean Yi, Daniel Yucelen, Emrah Webster, Alex Zeisel, Roland Zhao, Ruichen
author_facet	Aghaee, Morteza Akkala, Arun Alam, Zulfi Ali, Rizwan Ramirez, Alejandro Alcaraz Andrzejczuk, Mariusz Antipov, Andrey E Aseev, Pavel Astafev, Mikhail Bauer, Bela Becker, Jonathan Boddapati, Srini Boekhout, Frenk Bommer, Jouri Hansen, Esben Bork Bosma, Tom Bourdet, Leo Boutin, Samuel Caroff, Philippe Casparis, Lucas Cassidy, Maja Christensen, Anna Wulf Clay, Noah Cole, William S Corsetti, Fabiano Cui, Ajuan Dalampiras, Paschalis Dokania, Anand de Lange, Gijs de Moor, Michiel Saldaña, Juan Carlos Estrada Fallahi, Saeed Fathabad, Zahra Heidarnia Gamble, John Gardner, Geoff Govender, Deshan Griggio, Flavio Grigoryan, Ruben Gronin, Sergei Gukelberger, Jan Heedt, Sebastian Zamorano, Jesús Herranz Ho, Samantha Holgaard, Ulrik Laurens Nielsen, William Hvidtfelt Padkær Ingerslev, Henrik Krogstrup, Peter Jeppesen Johansson, Linda Jones, Jeffrey Kallaher, Ray Karimi, Farhad Karzig, Torsten King, Evelyn Kloster, Maren Elisabeth Knapp, Christina Kocon, Dariusz Koski, Jonne Kostamo, Pasi Kumar, Mahesh Laeven, Tom Larsen, Thorvald Li, Kongyi Lindemann, Tyler Love, Julie Lutchyn, Roman Manfra, Michael Memisevic, Elvedin Nayak, Chetan Nijholt, Bas Madsen, Morten Hannibal Markussen, Signe Martinez, Esteban McNeil, Robert Mullally, Andrew Nielsen, Jens Nurmohamed, Anne O'Farrell, Eoin Otani, Keita Pauka, Sebastian Petersson, Karl Petit, Luca Pikulin, Dima Preiss, Frank Perez, Marina Quintero Rasmussen, Katrine Rajpalke, Mohana Razmadze, Davydas Reentila, Outi Reilly, David Rouse, Richard Sadovskyy, Ivan Sainiemi, Lauri Schreppler, Sydney Sidorkin, Vadim Singh, Amrita Singh, Shilpi Sinha, Sarat Sohr, Patrick Stankevič, Tomaš Stek, Lieuwe Suominen, Henri Suter, Judith Svidenko, Vicky Teicher, Sam Temuerhan, Mine Thiyagarajah, Nivetha Tholapi, Raj Thomas, Mason Toomey, Emily Upadhyay, Shivendra Urban, Ivan Vaitiekėnas, Saulius Van Hoogdalem, Kevin Viazmitinov, Dmitrii V. Waddy, Steven Van Woerkom, David Vogel, Dominik Watson, John Weston, Joseph Winkler, Georg W. Yang, Chung Kai Yau, Sean Yi, Daniel Yucelen, Emrah Webster, Alex Zeisel, Roland Zhao, Ruichen
contents	We present measurements and simulations of semiconductor-superconductor heterostructure devices that are consistent with the observation of topological superconductivity and Majorana zero modes. The devices are fabricated from high-mobility two-dimensional electron gases in which quasi-one-dimensional wires are defined by electrostatic gates. These devices enable measurements of local and non-local transport properties and have been optimized via extensive simulations to ensure robustness against non-uniformity and disorder. Our main result is that several devices, fabricated according to the design's engineering specifications, have passed the topological gap protocol defined in Pikulin et al. [arXiv:2103.12217]. This protocol is a stringent test composed of a sequence of three-terminal local and non-local transport measurements performed while varying the magnetic field, semiconductor electron density, and junction transparencies. Passing the protocol indicates a high probability of detection of a topological phase hosting Majorana zero modes as determined by large-scale disorder simulations. Our experimental results are consistent with a quantum phase transition into a topological superconducting phase that extends over several hundred millitesla in magnetic field and several millivolts in gate voltage, corresponding to approximately one hundred micro-electron-volts in Zeeman energy and chemical potential in the semiconducting wire. These regions feature a closing and re-opening of the bulk gap, with simultaneous zero-bias conductance peaks at both ends of the devices that withstand changes in the junction transparencies. The extracted maximum topological gaps in our devices are 20-60 $μ$eV. This demonstration is a prerequisite for experiments involving fusion and braiding of Majorana zero modes.
format	Preprint
id	arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2207_02472
institution	arXiv
publishDate	2022
record_format	arxiv
spellingShingle	InAs-Al Hybrid Devices Passing the Topological Gap Protocol Aghaee, Morteza Akkala, Arun Alam, Zulfi Ali, Rizwan Ramirez, Alejandro Alcaraz Andrzejczuk, Mariusz Antipov, Andrey E Aseev, Pavel Astafev, Mikhail Bauer, Bela Becker, Jonathan Boddapati, Srini Boekhout, Frenk Bommer, Jouri Hansen, Esben Bork Bosma, Tom Bourdet, Leo Boutin, Samuel Caroff, Philippe Casparis, Lucas Cassidy, Maja Christensen, Anna Wulf Clay, Noah Cole, William S Corsetti, Fabiano Cui, Ajuan Dalampiras, Paschalis Dokania, Anand de Lange, Gijs de Moor, Michiel Saldaña, Juan Carlos Estrada Fallahi, Saeed Fathabad, Zahra Heidarnia Gamble, John Gardner, Geoff Govender, Deshan Griggio, Flavio Grigoryan, Ruben Gronin, Sergei Gukelberger, Jan Heedt, Sebastian Zamorano, Jesús Herranz Ho, Samantha Holgaard, Ulrik Laurens Nielsen, William Hvidtfelt Padkær Ingerslev, Henrik Krogstrup, Peter Jeppesen Johansson, Linda Jones, Jeffrey Kallaher, Ray Karimi, Farhad Karzig, Torsten King, Evelyn Kloster, Maren Elisabeth Knapp, Christina Kocon, Dariusz Koski, Jonne Kostamo, Pasi Kumar, Mahesh Laeven, Tom Larsen, Thorvald Li, Kongyi Lindemann, Tyler Love, Julie Lutchyn, Roman Manfra, Michael Memisevic, Elvedin Nayak, Chetan Nijholt, Bas Madsen, Morten Hannibal Markussen, Signe Martinez, Esteban McNeil, Robert Mullally, Andrew Nielsen, Jens Nurmohamed, Anne O'Farrell, Eoin Otani, Keita Pauka, Sebastian Petersson, Karl Petit, Luca Pikulin, Dima Preiss, Frank Perez, Marina Quintero Rasmussen, Katrine Rajpalke, Mohana Razmadze, Davydas Reentila, Outi Reilly, David Rouse, Richard Sadovskyy, Ivan Sainiemi, Lauri Schreppler, Sydney Sidorkin, Vadim Singh, Amrita Singh, Shilpi Sinha, Sarat Sohr, Patrick Stankevič, Tomaš Stek, Lieuwe Suominen, Henri Suter, Judith Svidenko, Vicky Teicher, Sam Temuerhan, Mine Thiyagarajah, Nivetha Tholapi, Raj Thomas, Mason Toomey, Emily Upadhyay, Shivendra Urban, Ivan Vaitiekėnas, Saulius Van Hoogdalem, Kevin Viazmitinov, Dmitrii V. Waddy, Steven Van Woerkom, David Vogel, Dominik Watson, John Weston, Joseph Winkler, Georg W. Yang, Chung Kai Yau, Sean Yi, Daniel Yucelen, Emrah Webster, Alex Zeisel, Roland Zhao, Ruichen Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics We present measurements and simulations of semiconductor-superconductor heterostructure devices that are consistent with the observation of topological superconductivity and Majorana zero modes. The devices are fabricated from high-mobility two-dimensional electron gases in which quasi-one-dimensional wires are defined by electrostatic gates. These devices enable measurements of local and non-local transport properties and have been optimized via extensive simulations to ensure robustness against non-uniformity and disorder. Our main result is that several devices, fabricated according to the design's engineering specifications, have passed the topological gap protocol defined in Pikulin et al. [arXiv:2103.12217]. This protocol is a stringent test composed of a sequence of three-terminal local and non-local transport measurements performed while varying the magnetic field, semiconductor electron density, and junction transparencies. Passing the protocol indicates a high probability of detection of a topological phase hosting Majorana zero modes as determined by large-scale disorder simulations. Our experimental results are consistent with a quantum phase transition into a topological superconducting phase that extends over several hundred millitesla in magnetic field and several millivolts in gate voltage, corresponding to approximately one hundred micro-electron-volts in Zeeman energy and chemical potential in the semiconducting wire. These regions feature a closing and re-opening of the bulk gap, with simultaneous zero-bias conductance peaks at both ends of the devices that withstand changes in the junction transparencies. The extracted maximum topological gaps in our devices are 20-60 $μ$eV. This demonstration is a prerequisite for experiments involving fusion and braiding of Majorana zero modes.
title	InAs-Al Hybrid Devices Passing the Topological Gap Protocol
topic	Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
url	https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.02472