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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2022
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.06021 |
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| _version_ | 1866910307044032512 |
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| author | Bodnia, Eve Isenbaev, Vlad Colburn, Kellan Swearngin, Joe Bouwmeester, Dirk |
| author_facet | Bodnia, Eve Isenbaev, Vlad Colburn, Kellan Swearngin, Joe Bouwmeester, Dirk |
| contents | Circles of low-variance and Hawking points in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), resulting from black hole mergers and black hole evaporation, respectively, in a previous cycle of the universe, have been predicted as possible evidence for the Conformal Cyclic Cosmology model (CCC) introduced by R. Penrose. We present a high-resolution search for such low-variance circles in the Planck and WMAP CMB data, and introduce HawkingNet, our machine learning open-source software based on a ResNet18 algorithm, to search for Hawking points in the CMB. We find that spots consisting of a few unusually bright (high-temperature) or dark (low-temperature) pixels, erroneously lead to regions with many low-variance circles, and consequently sets of near-concentric low-variance circles, when applying the search criteria used in previous work [V.G. Gurzadyan, R. Penrose]. After removing those spots from the data, no statistically significant low-variance circles can be found. Concerning Hawking points, also no statistically significant evidence is found when using a Gaussian temperature amplitude model over 1 degree opening angle and after accounting for spots of unusual brightness. That the unusual spots in the data are themselves remnants of Hawking points is not supported by low-variance and/or low-temperature circles around them. The absence of such statistically-significant distinct features in the currently available CMB data does not disprove the CCC model, but implies that higher resolution CMB data and/or refined CCC based predictions are needed to pursue the search for CCC signatures further |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2208_06021 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The quest for CMB signatures of Conformal Cyclic Cosmology Bodnia, Eve Isenbaev, Vlad Colburn, Kellan Swearngin, Joe Bouwmeester, Dirk Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Circles of low-variance and Hawking points in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), resulting from black hole mergers and black hole evaporation, respectively, in a previous cycle of the universe, have been predicted as possible evidence for the Conformal Cyclic Cosmology model (CCC) introduced by R. Penrose. We present a high-resolution search for such low-variance circles in the Planck and WMAP CMB data, and introduce HawkingNet, our machine learning open-source software based on a ResNet18 algorithm, to search for Hawking points in the CMB. We find that spots consisting of a few unusually bright (high-temperature) or dark (low-temperature) pixels, erroneously lead to regions with many low-variance circles, and consequently sets of near-concentric low-variance circles, when applying the search criteria used in previous work [V.G. Gurzadyan, R. Penrose]. After removing those spots from the data, no statistically significant low-variance circles can be found. Concerning Hawking points, also no statistically significant evidence is found when using a Gaussian temperature amplitude model over 1 degree opening angle and after accounting for spots of unusual brightness. That the unusual spots in the data are themselves remnants of Hawking points is not supported by low-variance and/or low-temperature circles around them. The absence of such statistically-significant distinct features in the currently available CMB data does not disprove the CCC model, but implies that higher resolution CMB data and/or refined CCC based predictions are needed to pursue the search for CCC signatures further |
| title | The quest for CMB signatures of Conformal Cyclic Cosmology |
| topic | Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.06021 |