Subdiffusive semantic evolution in Indo-European languages

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Asztalos, Bogdán, Palla, Gergely, Czégel, Dániel
Format: Preprint
Published: 2022
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author Asztalos, Bogdán
Palla, Gergely
Czégel, Dániel
author_facet Asztalos, Bogdán
Palla, Gergely
Czégel, Dániel
contents How do words change their meaning? Although semantic evolution is driven by a variety of distinct factors, including linguistic, societal, and technological ones, we find that there is one law that holds universally across five major Indo-European languages: that semantic evolution is strongly subdiffusive. Using an automated pipeline of diachronic distributional semantic embedding that controls for underlying symmetries, we show that words follow stochastic trajectories in meaning space with an anomalous diffusion exponent $α= 0.45\pm 0.05$ across languages, in contrast with diffusing particles that follow $α=1$. Randomization methods indicate that preserving temporal correlations in semantic change directions is necessary to recover strongly subdiffusive behavior; however, correlations in change sizes play an important role too. We furthermore show that strong subdiffusion is a robust phenomenon under a wide variety of choices in data analysis and interpretation, such as the choice of fitting an ensemble average of displacements or averaging best-fit exponents of individual word trajectories.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2209_04701
institution arXiv
publishDate 2022
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Subdiffusive semantic evolution in Indo-European languages
Asztalos, Bogdán
Palla, Gergely
Czégel, Dániel
Physics and Society
Computation and Language
How do words change their meaning? Although semantic evolution is driven by a variety of distinct factors, including linguistic, societal, and technological ones, we find that there is one law that holds universally across five major Indo-European languages: that semantic evolution is strongly subdiffusive. Using an automated pipeline of diachronic distributional semantic embedding that controls for underlying symmetries, we show that words follow stochastic trajectories in meaning space with an anomalous diffusion exponent $α= 0.45\pm 0.05$ across languages, in contrast with diffusing particles that follow $α=1$. Randomization methods indicate that preserving temporal correlations in semantic change directions is necessary to recover strongly subdiffusive behavior; however, correlations in change sizes play an important role too. We furthermore show that strong subdiffusion is a robust phenomenon under a wide variety of choices in data analysis and interpretation, such as the choice of fitting an ensemble average of displacements or averaging best-fit exponents of individual word trajectories.
title Subdiffusive semantic evolution in Indo-European languages
topic Physics and Society
Computation and Language
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.04701