Cosmic Hydrogen and Ice Loss Lines
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2022
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| _version_ | 1866917626204127232 |
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| author | Zeng, Li Jacobsen, Stein B. |
| author_facet | Zeng, Li Jacobsen, Stein B. |
| contents | We explain the overall equilibrium-temperature-dependent trend in the exoplanet mass-radius diagram, using the escape mechanisms of hydrogen and relevant volatiles, and the chemical equilibrium calculation of molecular hydrogen (H$_2$) break-up into atomic hydrogen (H). We identify two Cosmic Hydrogen and Ice Loss Lines (CHILLs) in the mass-radius diagram. Gas disks are well known to disperse in ten million years. However, gas-rich planets may lose some or almost all gas on a much longer timescale. We thus hypothesize that most planets that are born out of a hydrogen-gas-dominated nebular disk begin by possessing a primordial H$_2$-envelope. This envelope is gradually lost due to escape processes caused by host-stellar radiation. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2211_06010 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Cosmic Hydrogen and Ice Loss Lines Zeng, Li Jacobsen, Stein B. Earth and Planetary Astrophysics We explain the overall equilibrium-temperature-dependent trend in the exoplanet mass-radius diagram, using the escape mechanisms of hydrogen and relevant volatiles, and the chemical equilibrium calculation of molecular hydrogen (H$_2$) break-up into atomic hydrogen (H). We identify two Cosmic Hydrogen and Ice Loss Lines (CHILLs) in the mass-radius diagram. Gas disks are well known to disperse in ten million years. However, gas-rich planets may lose some or almost all gas on a much longer timescale. We thus hypothesize that most planets that are born out of a hydrogen-gas-dominated nebular disk begin by possessing a primordial H$_2$-envelope. This envelope is gradually lost due to escape processes caused by host-stellar radiation. |
| title | Cosmic Hydrogen and Ice Loss Lines |
| topic | Earth and Planetary Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.06010 |