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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2022
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| Accesso online: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.06863 |
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| author | Fujimoto, Seiji Ouchi, Masami Nakajima, Kimihiko Harikane, Yuichi Isobe, Yuki Brammer, Gabriel Oguri, Masamune Giménez-Arteaga, Clara Heintz, Kasper E. Kokorev, Vasily Bauer, Franz E. Ferrara, Andrea Kojima, Takashi Lagos, Claudia del P. Laura, Sommovigo Schaerer, Daniel Shimasaku, Kazuhiro Hatsukade, Bunyo Kohno, Kotaro Sun, Fengwu Valentino, Francesco Watson, Darach Fudamoto, Yoshinobu Inoue, Akio K. González-López, Jorge Koekemoer, Anton M. Knudsen, Kirsten Lee, Minju M. Magdis, Georgios E. Richard, Johan Strait, Victoria B. Sugahara, Yuma Tamura, Yoichi Toft, Sune Umehata, Hideki Walth, Gregory |
| author_facet | Fujimoto, Seiji Ouchi, Masami Nakajima, Kimihiko Harikane, Yuichi Isobe, Yuki Brammer, Gabriel Oguri, Masamune Giménez-Arteaga, Clara Heintz, Kasper E. Kokorev, Vasily Bauer, Franz E. Ferrara, Andrea Kojima, Takashi Lagos, Claudia del P. Laura, Sommovigo Schaerer, Daniel Shimasaku, Kazuhiro Hatsukade, Bunyo Kohno, Kotaro Sun, Fengwu Valentino, Francesco Watson, Darach Fudamoto, Yoshinobu Inoue, Akio K. González-López, Jorge Koekemoer, Anton M. Knudsen, Kirsten Lee, Minju M. Magdis, Georgios E. Richard, Johan Strait, Victoria B. Sugahara, Yuma Tamura, Yoichi Toft, Sune Umehata, Hideki Walth, Gregory |
| contents | We present ALMA deep spectroscopy for a lensed galaxy at $z_{\rm spec}=8.496$ with $\log(M_{\rm star}/M_{\odot})\sim7.8$ whose optical nebular lines and stellar continuum are detected by JWST/NIRSpec and NIRCam Early Release Observations in SMACS0723. Our ALMA spectrum shows [OIII]88$μ$m and [CII]158$μ$m line detections at $4.0σ$ and $4.5σ$, respectively. The redshift and position of the [OIII] line coincide with those of the JWST source, while the [CII] line is blue-shifted by 90 km s$^{-1}$ with a spatial offset of $0.''5$ ($\approx0.5$ kpc in source plane) from the JWST source. The NIRCam F444W image, including [OIII]$λ$5007 and H$β$ line emission, spatially extends beyond the stellar components by a factor of $>8$. This indicates that the $z=8.5$ galaxy has already experienced strong outflows whose oxygen and carbon produce the extended [OIII]$λ$5007 and the offset [CII] emission, which would promote ionizing photon escape and facilitate reionization. With careful slit-loss corrections and removals of emission spatially outside the galaxy, we evaluate the [OIII]88$μ$m/$λ$5007 line ratio, and derive the electron density $n_{\rm e}$ by photoionization modeling to be $220^{+170}_{-100}$ cm$^{-3}$, which is comparable with those of $z\sim2-3$ galaxies. We estimate an [OIII]88$μ$m/[CII]158$μ$m line ratio in the galaxy of $>4$, as high as those of known $z\sim6-9$ galaxies. This high [OIII]88$μ$m/[CII]158$μ$m line ratio is generally explained by the high $n_{\rm e}$ as well as the low metallicity ($Z_{\rm gas}/Z_{\odot}=0.04^{+0.02}_{-0.02}$), high ionization parameter ($\log U > -2.27$), and low carbon-to-oxygen abundance ratio ($\log$(C/O) $=[-0.52:-0.24]$) obtained from the JWST/NIRSpec data; further [CII] follow-up observations will constrain the covering fraction of photodissociation regions. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2212_06863 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | JWST and ALMA Multiple-Line Study in and around a Galaxy at $z=8.496$: Optical to FIR Line Ratios and the Onset of an Outflow Promoting Ionizing Photon Escape Fujimoto, Seiji Ouchi, Masami Nakajima, Kimihiko Harikane, Yuichi Isobe, Yuki Brammer, Gabriel Oguri, Masamune Giménez-Arteaga, Clara Heintz, Kasper E. Kokorev, Vasily Bauer, Franz E. Ferrara, Andrea Kojima, Takashi Lagos, Claudia del P. Laura, Sommovigo Schaerer, Daniel Shimasaku, Kazuhiro Hatsukade, Bunyo Kohno, Kotaro Sun, Fengwu Valentino, Francesco Watson, Darach Fudamoto, Yoshinobu Inoue, Akio K. González-López, Jorge Koekemoer, Anton M. Knudsen, Kirsten Lee, Minju M. Magdis, Georgios E. Richard, Johan Strait, Victoria B. Sugahara, Yuma Tamura, Yoichi Toft, Sune Umehata, Hideki Walth, Gregory Astrophysics of Galaxies We present ALMA deep spectroscopy for a lensed galaxy at $z_{\rm spec}=8.496$ with $\log(M_{\rm star}/M_{\odot})\sim7.8$ whose optical nebular lines and stellar continuum are detected by JWST/NIRSpec and NIRCam Early Release Observations in SMACS0723. Our ALMA spectrum shows [OIII]88$μ$m and [CII]158$μ$m line detections at $4.0σ$ and $4.5σ$, respectively. The redshift and position of the [OIII] line coincide with those of the JWST source, while the [CII] line is blue-shifted by 90 km s$^{-1}$ with a spatial offset of $0.''5$ ($\approx0.5$ kpc in source plane) from the JWST source. The NIRCam F444W image, including [OIII]$λ$5007 and H$β$ line emission, spatially extends beyond the stellar components by a factor of $>8$. This indicates that the $z=8.5$ galaxy has already experienced strong outflows whose oxygen and carbon produce the extended [OIII]$λ$5007 and the offset [CII] emission, which would promote ionizing photon escape and facilitate reionization. With careful slit-loss corrections and removals of emission spatially outside the galaxy, we evaluate the [OIII]88$μ$m/$λ$5007 line ratio, and derive the electron density $n_{\rm e}$ by photoionization modeling to be $220^{+170}_{-100}$ cm$^{-3}$, which is comparable with those of $z\sim2-3$ galaxies. We estimate an [OIII]88$μ$m/[CII]158$μ$m line ratio in the galaxy of $>4$, as high as those of known $z\sim6-9$ galaxies. This high [OIII]88$μ$m/[CII]158$μ$m line ratio is generally explained by the high $n_{\rm e}$ as well as the low metallicity ($Z_{\rm gas}/Z_{\odot}=0.04^{+0.02}_{-0.02}$), high ionization parameter ($\log U > -2.27$), and low carbon-to-oxygen abundance ratio ($\log$(C/O) $=[-0.52:-0.24]$) obtained from the JWST/NIRSpec data; further [CII] follow-up observations will constrain the covering fraction of photodissociation regions. |
| title | JWST and ALMA Multiple-Line Study in and around a Galaxy at $z=8.496$: Optical to FIR Line Ratios and the Onset of an Outflow Promoting Ionizing Photon Escape |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.06863 |