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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2022
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.07756 |
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| _version_ | 1866914092449529856 |
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| author | Cao, Qing-Hong Hashino, Katsuya Li, Xu-Xiang Yu, Jiang-Hao |
| author_facet | Cao, Qing-Hong Hashino, Katsuya Li, Xu-Xiang Yu, Jiang-Hao |
| contents | Multi-step phase transition provides a paradigm in which a broken symmetry during phase transition can be restored, enriching the phenomena of both dark matter and baryon asymmetry. We study the dynamics of the multi-step phase transition in the standard model extension with additional isospin $N$-plet scalar field $Φ_2$ under a discrete $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry. We find that the multi-step phase transition could be triggered if there is a moderately large coupling between the Higgs and the $Φ_2$ and this coupling is required to be larger as the mass of the $Φ_2$ and/or isospin increase. The first-order phase transition at the first (second) step can be realized by the thermal loop (tree-level barrier) effects. Thus it is more likely that a detectable spectrum of gravitational waves can be produced at the second step of the phase transition. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2212_07756 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Multi-step phase transition and gravitational wave from general $\mathbb{Z}_2$ scalar extensions Cao, Qing-Hong Hashino, Katsuya Li, Xu-Xiang Yu, Jiang-Hao High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Multi-step phase transition provides a paradigm in which a broken symmetry during phase transition can be restored, enriching the phenomena of both dark matter and baryon asymmetry. We study the dynamics of the multi-step phase transition in the standard model extension with additional isospin $N$-plet scalar field $Φ_2$ under a discrete $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry. We find that the multi-step phase transition could be triggered if there is a moderately large coupling between the Higgs and the $Φ_2$ and this coupling is required to be larger as the mass of the $Φ_2$ and/or isospin increase. The first-order phase transition at the first (second) step can be realized by the thermal loop (tree-level barrier) effects. Thus it is more likely that a detectable spectrum of gravitational waves can be produced at the second step of the phase transition. |
| title | Multi-step phase transition and gravitational wave from general $\mathbb{Z}_2$ scalar extensions |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.07756 |