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Main Authors:	Dove, J., Kerns, B., Leung, C., McClellan, R. E., Miyasaka, S., Morton, D. H., Nagai, K., Prasad, S., Sanftl, F., Scott, M. B. C., Tadepalli, A. S., Aidala, C. A., Arrington, J., Ayuso, C., Barker, C. T., Brown, C. N., Chang, T. H., Chang, W. C., Chen, A., Christian, D. C., Dannowitz, B. P., Daugherity, M., Diefenthaler, M., Fassi, L. El, Geesaman, D. F., Gilman, R., Goto, Y., Guo, L., Guo, R., Hague, T. J., Holt, R. J., Isenhower, D., Kinney, E. R., Kitts, N. D., Klein, A., Kleinjan, D. W., Kudo, Y., Lin, P. -J., Liu, K., Liu, M. X., Lorenzon, W., Makins, N. C. R., de Medeiros, M. Mesquita, McGaughey, P. L., Miyachi, Y., Mooney, I., Nakahara, K., Nakano, K., Nara, S., Peng, J. C., Puckett, A. J., Ramson, B. J., Reimer, P. E., Rubin, J. G., Sawada, S., Sawada, T., Shibata, T. -A., Shiu, S. H., Su, D., Teo, M., Tice, B. G, Towell, R. S., Uemura, S., Watson, T. S., Wang, S. G., Wickes, A. B., Wu, J., Xi, Z., Ye, Z.
Format:	Preprint
Published:	2022
Subjects:	High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Physics - Experiment Nuclear Experiment
Online Access:	https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.12160
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_version_	1866929633586315264
author	Dove, J. Kerns, B. Leung, C. McClellan, R. E. Miyasaka, S. Morton, D. H. Nagai, K. Prasad, S. Sanftl, F. Scott, M. B. C. Tadepalli, A. S. Aidala, C. A. Arrington, J. Ayuso, C. Barker, C. T. Brown, C. N. Chang, T. H. Chang, W. C. Chen, A. Christian, D. C. Dannowitz, B. P. Daugherity, M. Diefenthaler, M. Fassi, L. El Geesaman, D. F. Gilman, R. Goto, Y. Guo, L. Guo, R. Hague, T. J. Holt, R. J. Isenhower, D. Kinney, E. R. Kitts, N. D. Klein, A. Kleinjan, D. W. Kudo, Y. Lin, P. -J. Liu, K. Liu, M. X. Lorenzon, W. Makins, N. C. R. de Medeiros, M. Mesquita McGaughey, P. L. Miyachi, Y. Mooney, I. Nakahara, K. Nakano, K. Nara, S. Peng, J. C. Puckett, A. J. Ramson, B. J. Reimer, P. E. Rubin, J. G. Sawada, S. Sawada, T. Shibata, T. -A. Shiu, S. H. Su, D. Teo, M. Tice, B. G Towell, R. S. Uemura, S. Watson, T. S. Wang, S. G. Wickes, A. B. Wu, J. Xi, Z. Ye, Z.
author_facet	Dove, J. Kerns, B. Leung, C. McClellan, R. E. Miyasaka, S. Morton, D. H. Nagai, K. Prasad, S. Sanftl, F. Scott, M. B. C. Tadepalli, A. S. Aidala, C. A. Arrington, J. Ayuso, C. Barker, C. T. Brown, C. N. Chang, T. H. Chang, W. C. Chen, A. Christian, D. C. Dannowitz, B. P. Daugherity, M. Diefenthaler, M. Fassi, L. El Geesaman, D. F. Gilman, R. Goto, Y. Guo, L. Guo, R. Hague, T. J. Holt, R. J. Isenhower, D. Kinney, E. R. Kitts, N. D. Klein, A. Kleinjan, D. W. Kudo, Y. Lin, P. -J. Liu, K. Liu, M. X. Lorenzon, W. Makins, N. C. R. de Medeiros, M. Mesquita McGaughey, P. L. Miyachi, Y. Mooney, I. Nakahara, K. Nakano, K. Nara, S. Peng, J. C. Puckett, A. J. Ramson, B. J. Reimer, P. E. Rubin, J. G. Sawada, S. Sawada, T. Shibata, T. -A. Shiu, S. H. Su, D. Teo, M. Tice, B. G Towell, R. S. Uemura, S. Watson, T. S. Wang, S. G. Wickes, A. B. Wu, J. Xi, Z. Ye, Z.
contents	Evidence for a flavor asymmetry between the $\bar u$ and $\bar d$ quark distributions in the proton has been found in deep-inelastic scattering and Drell-Yan experiments. The pronounced dependence of this flavor asymmetry on $x$ (fraction of nucleon momentum carried by partons) observed in the Fermilab E866 Drell-Yan experiment suggested a drop of the $\bar d\left(x\right) / \bar u\left(x\right)$ ratio in the $x > 0.15$ region. We report results from the SeaQuest Fermilab E906 experiment with improved statistical precision for $\bar d\left(x\right) / \bar u\left(x\right)$ in the large $x$ region up to $x=0.45$ using the 120 GeV proton beam. Two different methods for extracting the Drell-Yan cross section ratios, $σ^{pd} /2 σ^{pp}$, from the SeaQuest data give consistent results. The $\bar{d}\left(x\right) / \bar{u}\left(x\right)$ ratios and the $\bar d\left(x\right) - \bar u\left(x\right)$ differences are deduced from these cross section ratios for $0.13 < x < 0.45$. The SeaQuest and E866/NuSea $\bar{d}\left(x\right) / \bar{u}\left(x\right)$ ratios are in good agreement for the $x\lesssim 0.25$ region. The new SeaQuest data, however, show that $\bar d\left(x\right)$ continues to be greater than $\bar u\left(x\right)$ up to the highest $x$ value ($x = 0.45$). The new results on $\bar{d}\left(x\right) / \bar{u}\left(x\right)$ and $\bar{d}\left(x\right) - \bar{u}\left(x\right)$ are compared with various parton distribution functions and theoretical calculations.
format	Preprint
id	arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2212_12160
institution	arXiv
publishDate	2022
record_format	arxiv
spellingShingle	Measurement of flavor asymmetry of light-quark sea in the proton with Drell-Yan dimuon production in $p+p$ and $p+d$ collisions at 120 GeV Dove, J. Kerns, B. Leung, C. McClellan, R. E. Miyasaka, S. Morton, D. H. Nagai, K. Prasad, S. Sanftl, F. Scott, M. B. C. Tadepalli, A. S. Aidala, C. A. Arrington, J. Ayuso, C. Barker, C. T. Brown, C. N. Chang, T. H. Chang, W. C. Chen, A. Christian, D. C. Dannowitz, B. P. Daugherity, M. Diefenthaler, M. Fassi, L. El Geesaman, D. F. Gilman, R. Goto, Y. Guo, L. Guo, R. Hague, T. J. Holt, R. J. Isenhower, D. Kinney, E. R. Kitts, N. D. Klein, A. Kleinjan, D. W. Kudo, Y. Lin, P. -J. Liu, K. Liu, M. X. Lorenzon, W. Makins, N. C. R. de Medeiros, M. Mesquita McGaughey, P. L. Miyachi, Y. Mooney, I. Nakahara, K. Nakano, K. Nara, S. Peng, J. C. Puckett, A. J. Ramson, B. J. Reimer, P. E. Rubin, J. G. Sawada, S. Sawada, T. Shibata, T. -A. Shiu, S. H. Su, D. Teo, M. Tice, B. G Towell, R. S. Uemura, S. Watson, T. S. Wang, S. G. Wickes, A. B. Wu, J. Xi, Z. Ye, Z. High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Physics - Experiment Nuclear Experiment Evidence for a flavor asymmetry between the $\bar u$ and $\bar d$ quark distributions in the proton has been found in deep-inelastic scattering and Drell-Yan experiments. The pronounced dependence of this flavor asymmetry on $x$ (fraction of nucleon momentum carried by partons) observed in the Fermilab E866 Drell-Yan experiment suggested a drop of the $\bar d\left(x\right) / \bar u\left(x\right)$ ratio in the $x > 0.15$ region. We report results from the SeaQuest Fermilab E906 experiment with improved statistical precision for $\bar d\left(x\right) / \bar u\left(x\right)$ in the large $x$ region up to $x=0.45$ using the 120 GeV proton beam. Two different methods for extracting the Drell-Yan cross section ratios, $σ^{pd} /2 σ^{pp}$, from the SeaQuest data give consistent results. The $\bar{d}\left(x\right) / \bar{u}\left(x\right)$ ratios and the $\bar d\left(x\right) - \bar u\left(x\right)$ differences are deduced from these cross section ratios for $0.13 < x < 0.45$. The SeaQuest and E866/NuSea $\bar{d}\left(x\right) / \bar{u}\left(x\right)$ ratios are in good agreement for the $x\lesssim 0.25$ region. The new SeaQuest data, however, show that $\bar d\left(x\right)$ continues to be greater than $\bar u\left(x\right)$ up to the highest $x$ value ($x = 0.45$). The new results on $\bar{d}\left(x\right) / \bar{u}\left(x\right)$ and $\bar{d}\left(x\right) - \bar{u}\left(x\right)$ are compared with various parton distribution functions and theoretical calculations.
title	Measurement of flavor asymmetry of light-quark sea in the proton with Drell-Yan dimuon production in $p+p$ and $p+d$ collisions at 120 GeV
topic	High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Physics - Experiment Nuclear Experiment
url	https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.12160

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