Forklens: Accurate weak-lensing shear measurement with deep learning
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2023
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| _version_ | 1866914726675480576 |
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| author | Zhang, Zekang Shan, Huanyuan Li, Nan Wei, Chengliang Yao, Ji Ban, Zhang Fang, Yuedong Guo, Qi Liu, Dezi Li, Guoliang Lin, Lin Li, Ming Li, Ran Li, Xiaobo Luo, Yu Meng, Xianmin Nie, Jundan Qi, Zhaoxiang Qiu, Yisheng Shao, Li Tian, Hao Wang, Lei Wang, Wei Xian, Jingtian Xu, Youhua Zhang, Tianmeng Zhang, Xin Zhou, Zhimin |
| author_facet | Zhang, Zekang Shan, Huanyuan Li, Nan Wei, Chengliang Yao, Ji Ban, Zhang Fang, Yuedong Guo, Qi Liu, Dezi Li, Guoliang Lin, Lin Li, Ming Li, Ran Li, Xiaobo Luo, Yu Meng, Xianmin Nie, Jundan Qi, Zhaoxiang Qiu, Yisheng Shao, Li Tian, Hao Wang, Lei Wang, Wei Xian, Jingtian Xu, Youhua Zhang, Tianmeng Zhang, Xin Zhou, Zhimin |
| contents | Weak gravitational lensing is one of the most important probes of the nature of dark matter and dark energy. In order to extract cosmological information from next-generation weak lensing surveys (e.g., Euclid, Roman, LSST, and CSST) as much as possible, accurate measurements of weak lensing shear are required. There are existing algorithms to measure the weak lensing shear on imaging data, which have been successfully applied in previous surveys. In the meantime, machine learning (ML) has been widely recognized in various astrophysics applications in modeling and observations. In this work, we present a fully deep-learning-based approach to measuring weak lensing shear accurately. Our approach comprises two modules. The first one contains a convolutional neural network (CNN) with two branches for taking galaxy images and point spread function (PSF) simultaneously, and the output of this module includes the galaxy's magnitude, size, and shape. The second module includes a multiple-layer neural network (NN) to calibrate weak-lensing shear measurements. We name the program Forklens and make it publicly available online. Applying Forklens to CSST-like mock images, we achieve consistent accuracy with traditional approaches (such as moment-based measurement and forward model fitting) on the sources with high signal-to-noise ratios (S/N, > 20). For the sources with S/N < 10, Forklens exhibits an $\sim 36\%$ higher Pearson coefficient on galaxy ellipticity measurements. After adopting galaxy weighting, the shear measurements with Forklens deliver accuracy levels to $0.2\%$. The whole procedure of Forklens is automated and costs about $0.7$ milliseconds per galaxy, which is appropriate for adequately taking advantage of the sky coverage and depth of the upcoming weak lensing surveys. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2301_02986 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Forklens: Accurate weak-lensing shear measurement with deep learning Zhang, Zekang Shan, Huanyuan Li, Nan Wei, Chengliang Yao, Ji Ban, Zhang Fang, Yuedong Guo, Qi Liu, Dezi Li, Guoliang Lin, Lin Li, Ming Li, Ran Li, Xiaobo Luo, Yu Meng, Xianmin Nie, Jundan Qi, Zhaoxiang Qiu, Yisheng Shao, Li Tian, Hao Wang, Lei Wang, Wei Xian, Jingtian Xu, Youhua Zhang, Tianmeng Zhang, Xin Zhou, Zhimin Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Weak gravitational lensing is one of the most important probes of the nature of dark matter and dark energy. In order to extract cosmological information from next-generation weak lensing surveys (e.g., Euclid, Roman, LSST, and CSST) as much as possible, accurate measurements of weak lensing shear are required. There are existing algorithms to measure the weak lensing shear on imaging data, which have been successfully applied in previous surveys. In the meantime, machine learning (ML) has been widely recognized in various astrophysics applications in modeling and observations. In this work, we present a fully deep-learning-based approach to measuring weak lensing shear accurately. Our approach comprises two modules. The first one contains a convolutional neural network (CNN) with two branches for taking galaxy images and point spread function (PSF) simultaneously, and the output of this module includes the galaxy's magnitude, size, and shape. The second module includes a multiple-layer neural network (NN) to calibrate weak-lensing shear measurements. We name the program Forklens and make it publicly available online. Applying Forklens to CSST-like mock images, we achieve consistent accuracy with traditional approaches (such as moment-based measurement and forward model fitting) on the sources with high signal-to-noise ratios (S/N, > 20). For the sources with S/N < 10, Forklens exhibits an $\sim 36\%$ higher Pearson coefficient on galaxy ellipticity measurements. After adopting galaxy weighting, the shear measurements with Forklens deliver accuracy levels to $0.2\%$. The whole procedure of Forklens is automated and costs about $0.7$ milliseconds per galaxy, which is appropriate for adequately taking advantage of the sky coverage and depth of the upcoming weak lensing surveys. |
| title | Forklens: Accurate weak-lensing shear measurement with deep learning |
| topic | Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.02986 |