Cygnus X-3 revealed as a Galactic ultraluminous X-ray source by IXPE
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arXiv
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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2023
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| author | Veledina, Alexandra Muleri, Fabio Poutanen, Juri Podgorný, Jakub Dovčiak, Michal Capitanio, Fiamma Churazov, Eugene De Rosa, Alessandra Di Marco, Alessandro Forsblom, Sofia Kaaret, Philip Krawczynski, Henric La Monaca, Fabio Loktev, Vladislav Lutovinov, Alexander A. Molkov, Sergey V. Mushtukov, Alexander A. Ratheesh, Ajay Cavero, Nicole Rodriguez Steiner, James F. Sunyaev, Rashid A. Tsygankov, Sergey S. Zdziarski, Andrzej A. Bianchi, Stefano Bright, Joe S. Bursov, Nikolaj Costa, Enrico Egron, Elise Garcia, Javier A. Green, David A. Gurwell, Mark Ingram, Adam Kajava, Jari J. E. Kale, Ruta Kraus, Alex Malyshev, Denys Marin, Frédéric Matt, Giorgio McCollough, Michael Mereminskiy, Ilia A. Nizhelsky, Nikolaj Piano, Giovanni Pilia, Maura Pittori, Carlotta Rao, Ramprasad Righini, Simona Soffitta, Paolo Shevchenko, Anton Svoboda, Jiri Tombesi, Francesco Trushkin, Sergei Tsybulev, Peter Ursini, Francesco Weisskopf, Martin C. Wu, Kinwah Agudo, Iván Antonelli, Lucio A. Bachetti, Matteo Baldini, Luca Baumgartner, Wayne H. Bellazzini, Ronaldo Bongiorno, Stephen D. Bonino, Raffaella Brez, Alessandro Bucciantini, Niccolò Castellano, Simone Cavazzuti, Elisabetta Chen, Chien-Ting Ciprini, Stefano Del Monte, Ettore Di Gesu, Laura Di Lalla, Niccolò Donnarumma, Immacolata Doroshenko, Victor Ehlert, Steven R. Enoto, Teruaki Evangelista, Yuri Fabiani, Sergio Ferrazzoli, Riccardo Gunji, Shuichi Hayashida, Kiyoshi Heyl, Jeremy Iwakiri, Wataru Jorstad, Svetlana G. Karas, Vladimir Kislat, Fabian Kitaguchi, Takao Kolodziejczak, Jeffery J. Latronico, Luca Liodakis, Ioannis Maldera, Simone Manfreda, Alberto Marinucci, Andrea Marscher, Alan P. Marshall, Herman L. Massaro, Francesco Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki Mizuno, Tsunefumi Negro, Michela Ng, Chi-Yung O'Dell, Stephen L. Omodei, Nicola Oppedisano, Chiara Papitto, Alessandro Pavlov, George G. Peirson, Abel L. Perri, Matteo Pesce-Rollins, Melissa Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier Possenti, Andrea Puccetti, Simonetta Ramsey, Brian D. Rankin, John Roberts, Oliver Romani, Roger W. Sgrò, Carmelo Slane, Patrick Spandre, Gloria Swartz, Doug Tamagawa, Toru Tavecchio, Fabrizio Taverna, Roberto Tawara, Yuzuru Tennant, Allyn F. Thomas, Nicholas E. Trois, Alessio Turolla, Roberto Vink, Jacco Xie, Fei Zane, Silvia |
| author_facet | Veledina, Alexandra Muleri, Fabio Poutanen, Juri Podgorný, Jakub Dovčiak, Michal Capitanio, Fiamma Churazov, Eugene De Rosa, Alessandra Di Marco, Alessandro Forsblom, Sofia Kaaret, Philip Krawczynski, Henric La Monaca, Fabio Loktev, Vladislav Lutovinov, Alexander A. Molkov, Sergey V. Mushtukov, Alexander A. Ratheesh, Ajay Cavero, Nicole Rodriguez Steiner, James F. Sunyaev, Rashid A. Tsygankov, Sergey S. Zdziarski, Andrzej A. Bianchi, Stefano Bright, Joe S. Bursov, Nikolaj Costa, Enrico Egron, Elise Garcia, Javier A. Green, David A. Gurwell, Mark Ingram, Adam Kajava, Jari J. E. Kale, Ruta Kraus, Alex Malyshev, Denys Marin, Frédéric Matt, Giorgio McCollough, Michael Mereminskiy, Ilia A. Nizhelsky, Nikolaj Piano, Giovanni Pilia, Maura Pittori, Carlotta Rao, Ramprasad Righini, Simona Soffitta, Paolo Shevchenko, Anton Svoboda, Jiri Tombesi, Francesco Trushkin, Sergei Tsybulev, Peter Ursini, Francesco Weisskopf, Martin C. Wu, Kinwah Agudo, Iván Antonelli, Lucio A. Bachetti, Matteo Baldini, Luca Baumgartner, Wayne H. Bellazzini, Ronaldo Bongiorno, Stephen D. Bonino, Raffaella Brez, Alessandro Bucciantini, Niccolò Castellano, Simone Cavazzuti, Elisabetta Chen, Chien-Ting Ciprini, Stefano Del Monte, Ettore Di Gesu, Laura Di Lalla, Niccolò Donnarumma, Immacolata Doroshenko, Victor Ehlert, Steven R. Enoto, Teruaki Evangelista, Yuri Fabiani, Sergio Ferrazzoli, Riccardo Gunji, Shuichi Hayashida, Kiyoshi Heyl, Jeremy Iwakiri, Wataru Jorstad, Svetlana G. Karas, Vladimir Kislat, Fabian Kitaguchi, Takao Kolodziejczak, Jeffery J. Latronico, Luca Liodakis, Ioannis Maldera, Simone Manfreda, Alberto Marinucci, Andrea Marscher, Alan P. Marshall, Herman L. Massaro, Francesco Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki Mizuno, Tsunefumi Negro, Michela Ng, Chi-Yung O'Dell, Stephen L. Omodei, Nicola Oppedisano, Chiara Papitto, Alessandro Pavlov, George G. Peirson, Abel L. Perri, Matteo Pesce-Rollins, Melissa Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier Possenti, Andrea Puccetti, Simonetta Ramsey, Brian D. Rankin, John Roberts, Oliver Romani, Roger W. Sgrò, Carmelo Slane, Patrick Spandre, Gloria Swartz, Doug Tamagawa, Toru Tavecchio, Fabrizio Taverna, Roberto Tawara, Yuzuru Tennant, Allyn F. Thomas, Nicholas E. Trois, Alessio Turolla, Roberto Vink, Jacco Xie, Fei Zane, Silvia |
| contents | The accretion of matter by compact objects can be inhibited by radiation pressure if the luminosity exceeds the critical value, known as the Eddington limit. Discovery of ultraluminous X-ray sources has shown that accretion can proceed even when the apparent luminosity significantly exceeds this limit. High apparent luminosity might be produced thanks to geometric beaming of the radiation by an outflow. The outflow half-opening angle, which determines the amplification due to beaming, has never been robustly constrained. Using the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer, we made the measurement of X-ray polarization in the Galactic X-ray binary Cyg X-3. We find high, over 20%, nearly energy-independent linear polarization, orthogonal to the direction of the radio ejections. These properties unambiguously indicate the presence of a collimating outflow in the X-ray binary Cyg~X-3 and constrain its half-opening angle, <15 degrees. Thus, the source can be used as a laboratory for studying the super-critical accretion regime. This finding underscores the importance of X-ray polarimetry in advancing our understanding of accreting sources. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2303_01174 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Cygnus X-3 revealed as a Galactic ultraluminous X-ray source by IXPE Veledina, Alexandra Muleri, Fabio Poutanen, Juri Podgorný, Jakub Dovčiak, Michal Capitanio, Fiamma Churazov, Eugene De Rosa, Alessandra Di Marco, Alessandro Forsblom, Sofia Kaaret, Philip Krawczynski, Henric La Monaca, Fabio Loktev, Vladislav Lutovinov, Alexander A. Molkov, Sergey V. Mushtukov, Alexander A. Ratheesh, Ajay Cavero, Nicole Rodriguez Steiner, James F. Sunyaev, Rashid A. Tsygankov, Sergey S. Zdziarski, Andrzej A. Bianchi, Stefano Bright, Joe S. Bursov, Nikolaj Costa, Enrico Egron, Elise Garcia, Javier A. Green, David A. Gurwell, Mark Ingram, Adam Kajava, Jari J. E. Kale, Ruta Kraus, Alex Malyshev, Denys Marin, Frédéric Matt, Giorgio McCollough, Michael Mereminskiy, Ilia A. Nizhelsky, Nikolaj Piano, Giovanni Pilia, Maura Pittori, Carlotta Rao, Ramprasad Righini, Simona Soffitta, Paolo Shevchenko, Anton Svoboda, Jiri Tombesi, Francesco Trushkin, Sergei Tsybulev, Peter Ursini, Francesco Weisskopf, Martin C. Wu, Kinwah Agudo, Iván Antonelli, Lucio A. Bachetti, Matteo Baldini, Luca Baumgartner, Wayne H. Bellazzini, Ronaldo Bongiorno, Stephen D. Bonino, Raffaella Brez, Alessandro Bucciantini, Niccolò Castellano, Simone Cavazzuti, Elisabetta Chen, Chien-Ting Ciprini, Stefano Del Monte, Ettore Di Gesu, Laura Di Lalla, Niccolò Donnarumma, Immacolata Doroshenko, Victor Ehlert, Steven R. Enoto, Teruaki Evangelista, Yuri Fabiani, Sergio Ferrazzoli, Riccardo Gunji, Shuichi Hayashida, Kiyoshi Heyl, Jeremy Iwakiri, Wataru Jorstad, Svetlana G. Karas, Vladimir Kislat, Fabian Kitaguchi, Takao Kolodziejczak, Jeffery J. Latronico, Luca Liodakis, Ioannis Maldera, Simone Manfreda, Alberto Marinucci, Andrea Marscher, Alan P. Marshall, Herman L. Massaro, Francesco Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki Mizuno, Tsunefumi Negro, Michela Ng, Chi-Yung O'Dell, Stephen L. Omodei, Nicola Oppedisano, Chiara Papitto, Alessandro Pavlov, George G. Peirson, Abel L. Perri, Matteo Pesce-Rollins, Melissa Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier Possenti, Andrea Puccetti, Simonetta Ramsey, Brian D. Rankin, John Roberts, Oliver Romani, Roger W. Sgrò, Carmelo Slane, Patrick Spandre, Gloria Swartz, Doug Tamagawa, Toru Tavecchio, Fabrizio Taverna, Roberto Tawara, Yuzuru Tennant, Allyn F. Thomas, Nicholas E. Trois, Alessio Turolla, Roberto Vink, Jacco Xie, Fei Zane, Silvia High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Solar and Stellar Astrophysics The accretion of matter by compact objects can be inhibited by radiation pressure if the luminosity exceeds the critical value, known as the Eddington limit. Discovery of ultraluminous X-ray sources has shown that accretion can proceed even when the apparent luminosity significantly exceeds this limit. High apparent luminosity might be produced thanks to geometric beaming of the radiation by an outflow. The outflow half-opening angle, which determines the amplification due to beaming, has never been robustly constrained. Using the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer, we made the measurement of X-ray polarization in the Galactic X-ray binary Cyg X-3. We find high, over 20%, nearly energy-independent linear polarization, orthogonal to the direction of the radio ejections. These properties unambiguously indicate the presence of a collimating outflow in the X-ray binary Cyg~X-3 and constrain its half-opening angle, <15 degrees. Thus, the source can be used as a laboratory for studying the super-critical accretion regime. This finding underscores the importance of X-ray polarimetry in advancing our understanding of accreting sources. |
| title | Cygnus X-3 revealed as a Galactic ultraluminous X-ray source by IXPE |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.01174 |