Early Results from GLASS-JWST XXIII: The transmission of Lyman-alpha from UV-faint z ~ 3-6 galaxies
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2023
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| author | Prieto-Lyon, Gonzalo Mason, Charlotte Mascia, Sara Merlin, Emiliano Roy, Namrata Henry, Alaina Roberts-Borsani, Guido Morishita, Takahiro Wang, Xin Boyett, Kit Bolan, Patricia Bradac, Marusa Castellano, Marco Mercurio, Amata Nanayakkara, Themiya Paris, Diego Pentericci, Laura Scarlata, Claudia Trenti, Michele Treu, Tommaso Vanzella, Eros |
| author_facet | Prieto-Lyon, Gonzalo Mason, Charlotte Mascia, Sara Merlin, Emiliano Roy, Namrata Henry, Alaina Roberts-Borsani, Guido Morishita, Takahiro Wang, Xin Boyett, Kit Bolan, Patricia Bradac, Marusa Castellano, Marco Mercurio, Amata Nanayakkara, Themiya Paris, Diego Pentericci, Laura Scarlata, Claudia Trenti, Michele Treu, Tommaso Vanzella, Eros |
| contents | Lyman-alpha (Ly$α$) emission from galaxies can be used to trace neutral hydrogen in the epoch of reionization, however, there is a degeneracy between the attenuation of Ly$α$ in the intergalactic medium (IGM) and the line profile emitted from the galaxy. Large shifts of Ly$α$ redward of systemic due to scattering in the interstellar medium can boost Ly$α$ transmission in the IGM during reionization. The relationship between Ly$α$ velocity offset from systemic and other galaxy properties is not well-established at high-redshift or low luminosities, due to the difficulty of observing emission lines which trace systemic redshift. Rest-frame optical spectroscopy with JWST/NIRSpec has opened a new window into understanding of Ly$α$ at z>3. We present a sample of 12 UV-faint galaxies ($-20 \lesssim$ MUV $\lesssim -16$) at $3 \lesssim z \lesssim 6$, with Ly$α$ velocity offsets, $Δv_{\mathrm{Ly}α}$, measured from VLT/MUSE and JWST/NIRSpec from the GLASS-JWST Early Release Program. We find median $Δv_{\mathrm{Ly}α}$ of 205 km s$^{-1}$ and standard deviation 75 km s$^{-1}$, compared to 320 and 170km s$^{-1}$ for MUV < -20 galaxies in the literature. Our new sample demonstrates the previously observed trend of decreasing Ly$α$ velocity offset with decreasing UV luminosity and optical line velocity dispersion, extends to MUV $\gtrsim$ -20, consistent with a picture where the Ly$α$ profile is shaped by gas close to the systemic redshift. Our results imply that during reionization Ly$α$ from UV-faint galaxies will be preferentially attenuated, but that detecting Ly$α$ with low $Δv_{\mathrm{Ly}α}$ can be an indicator of large ionized bubbles. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2304_02666 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Early Results from GLASS-JWST XXIII: The transmission of Lyman-alpha from UV-faint z ~ 3-6 galaxies Prieto-Lyon, Gonzalo Mason, Charlotte Mascia, Sara Merlin, Emiliano Roy, Namrata Henry, Alaina Roberts-Borsani, Guido Morishita, Takahiro Wang, Xin Boyett, Kit Bolan, Patricia Bradac, Marusa Castellano, Marco Mercurio, Amata Nanayakkara, Themiya Paris, Diego Pentericci, Laura Scarlata, Claudia Trenti, Michele Treu, Tommaso Vanzella, Eros Astrophysics of Galaxies Lyman-alpha (Ly$α$) emission from galaxies can be used to trace neutral hydrogen in the epoch of reionization, however, there is a degeneracy between the attenuation of Ly$α$ in the intergalactic medium (IGM) and the line profile emitted from the galaxy. Large shifts of Ly$α$ redward of systemic due to scattering in the interstellar medium can boost Ly$α$ transmission in the IGM during reionization. The relationship between Ly$α$ velocity offset from systemic and other galaxy properties is not well-established at high-redshift or low luminosities, due to the difficulty of observing emission lines which trace systemic redshift. Rest-frame optical spectroscopy with JWST/NIRSpec has opened a new window into understanding of Ly$α$ at z>3. We present a sample of 12 UV-faint galaxies ($-20 \lesssim$ MUV $\lesssim -16$) at $3 \lesssim z \lesssim 6$, with Ly$α$ velocity offsets, $Δv_{\mathrm{Ly}α}$, measured from VLT/MUSE and JWST/NIRSpec from the GLASS-JWST Early Release Program. We find median $Δv_{\mathrm{Ly}α}$ of 205 km s$^{-1}$ and standard deviation 75 km s$^{-1}$, compared to 320 and 170km s$^{-1}$ for MUV < -20 galaxies in the literature. Our new sample demonstrates the previously observed trend of decreasing Ly$α$ velocity offset with decreasing UV luminosity and optical line velocity dispersion, extends to MUV $\gtrsim$ -20, consistent with a picture where the Ly$α$ profile is shaped by gas close to the systemic redshift. Our results imply that during reionization Ly$α$ from UV-faint galaxies will be preferentially attenuated, but that detecting Ly$α$ with low $Δv_{\mathrm{Ly}α}$ can be an indicator of large ionized bubbles. |
| title | Early Results from GLASS-JWST XXIII: The transmission of Lyman-alpha from UV-faint z ~ 3-6 galaxies |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.02666 |