The dark Stodolsky effect: constraining effective dark matter operators with spin-dependent interactions
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arXiv
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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2023
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| author | Rostagni, Guillaume Shergold, Jack D. |
| author_facet | Rostagni, Guillaume Shergold, Jack D. |
| contents | We present a comprehensive discussion of the Stodolsky effect for dark matter (DM), and discuss two techniques to measure the effect and constrain the DM parameter space. The Stodolsky effect is the spin-dependent shift in the energy of a Standard Model (SM) fermion sitting in a bath of neutrinos. This effect, which scales linearly in the effective coupling, manifests as a small torque on the SM fermion spin and has historically been proposed as a method of detecting the cosmic neutrino background. We generalise this effect to DM, and give expressions for the induced energy shifts for DM candidates from spin-$0$ to spin-$\frac 32$, considering all effective operators up to mass dimension-6. In all cases, the effect scales inversely with the DM mass, but requires an asymmetric background. We show that a torsion balance experiment is sensitive to energy shifts of $ΔE \gtrsim 10^{-28}\,\mathrm{eV}$, whilst a more intricate setup using a SQUID magnetometer is sensitive to shifts of $ΔE \gtrsim 10^{-32}\,\mathrm{eV}$. Finally, we compute the energy shifts for a model of scalar DM, and demonstrate that the Stodolsky effect can be used to constrain regions of parameter space that are not presently excluded. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2304_06750 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The dark Stodolsky effect: constraining effective dark matter operators with spin-dependent interactions Rostagni, Guillaume Shergold, Jack D. High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Physics - Experiment We present a comprehensive discussion of the Stodolsky effect for dark matter (DM), and discuss two techniques to measure the effect and constrain the DM parameter space. The Stodolsky effect is the spin-dependent shift in the energy of a Standard Model (SM) fermion sitting in a bath of neutrinos. This effect, which scales linearly in the effective coupling, manifests as a small torque on the SM fermion spin and has historically been proposed as a method of detecting the cosmic neutrino background. We generalise this effect to DM, and give expressions for the induced energy shifts for DM candidates from spin-$0$ to spin-$\frac 32$, considering all effective operators up to mass dimension-6. In all cases, the effect scales inversely with the DM mass, but requires an asymmetric background. We show that a torsion balance experiment is sensitive to energy shifts of $ΔE \gtrsim 10^{-28}\,\mathrm{eV}$, whilst a more intricate setup using a SQUID magnetometer is sensitive to shifts of $ΔE \gtrsim 10^{-32}\,\mathrm{eV}$. Finally, we compute the energy shifts for a model of scalar DM, and demonstrate that the Stodolsky effect can be used to constrain regions of parameter space that are not presently excluded. |
| title | The dark Stodolsky effect: constraining effective dark matter operators with spin-dependent interactions |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Physics - Experiment |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.06750 |