Measuring axion gradients with photon interferometry (MAGPI)
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2023
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| author | Fedderke, Michael A. Thompson, Jedidiah O. Cervantes, Raphael Giaccone, Bianca Harnik, Roni Kaplan, David E. Posen, Sam Rajendran, Surjeet |
| author_facet | Fedderke, Michael A. Thompson, Jedidiah O. Cervantes, Raphael Giaccone, Bianca Harnik, Roni Kaplan, David E. Posen, Sam Rajendran, Surjeet |
| contents | We propose a novel search technique for axions with a $CP$-violating monopole coupling $\tilde{g}_Q$ to bulk Standard Model charges $Q \in \{B,L,B-L\}$. Gradients in the static axion field configurations sourced by matter induce achromatic circular photon birefringence via the axion-photon coupling $g_{ϕγ}$. Circularly polarized light fed into an optical or (open) radio-frequency (RF) Fabry-Pérot (FP) cavity develops a phase shift that accumulates up to the cavity finesse: the fixed axion spatial gradient prevents a cancellation known to occur for an axion dark-matter search. The relative phase shift between two FP cavities fed with opposite circular polarizations can be detected interferometrically. This time-independent signal can be modulated up to non-zero frequency by altering the cavity orientations with respect to the field gradient. Multi-wavelength co-metrology techniques can be used to address chromatic measurement systematics and noise sources. With Earth as the axion source, we project reach beyond current constraints on the product of couplings $\tilde{g}_Q g_{ϕγ}$ for axion masses $m_ϕ \lesssim 10^{-5} \mathrm{eV}$. If shot-noise-limited sensitivity can be achieved, an experiment using high-finesse RF FP cavities could reach a factor of $\sim 10^{5}$ into new parameter space for $\tilde{g}_Q g_{ϕγ}$ for masses $m_ϕ\lesssim 4\times 10^{-11} \mathrm{eV}$. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2304_11261 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Measuring axion gradients with photon interferometry (MAGPI) Fedderke, Michael A. Thompson, Jedidiah O. Cervantes, Raphael Giaccone, Bianca Harnik, Roni Kaplan, David E. Posen, Sam Rajendran, Surjeet High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Instrumentation and Detectors Optics We propose a novel search technique for axions with a $CP$-violating monopole coupling $\tilde{g}_Q$ to bulk Standard Model charges $Q \in \{B,L,B-L\}$. Gradients in the static axion field configurations sourced by matter induce achromatic circular photon birefringence via the axion-photon coupling $g_{ϕγ}$. Circularly polarized light fed into an optical or (open) radio-frequency (RF) Fabry-Pérot (FP) cavity develops a phase shift that accumulates up to the cavity finesse: the fixed axion spatial gradient prevents a cancellation known to occur for an axion dark-matter search. The relative phase shift between two FP cavities fed with opposite circular polarizations can be detected interferometrically. This time-independent signal can be modulated up to non-zero frequency by altering the cavity orientations with respect to the field gradient. Multi-wavelength co-metrology techniques can be used to address chromatic measurement systematics and noise sources. With Earth as the axion source, we project reach beyond current constraints on the product of couplings $\tilde{g}_Q g_{ϕγ}$ for axion masses $m_ϕ \lesssim 10^{-5} \mathrm{eV}$. If shot-noise-limited sensitivity can be achieved, an experiment using high-finesse RF FP cavities could reach a factor of $\sim 10^{5}$ into new parameter space for $\tilde{g}_Q g_{ϕγ}$ for masses $m_ϕ\lesssim 4\times 10^{-11} \mathrm{eV}$. |
| title | Measuring axion gradients with photon interferometry (MAGPI) |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Instrumentation and Detectors Optics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.11261 |