Beyond Diagonal Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces Utilizing Graph Theory: Modeling, Architecture Design, and Optimization
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arXiv
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| Hauptverfasser: | , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2023
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| _version_ | 1866914686664966144 |
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| author | Nerini, Matteo Shen, Shanpu Li, Hongyu Clerckx, Bruno |
| author_facet | Nerini, Matteo Shen, Shanpu Li, Hongyu Clerckx, Bruno |
| contents | Recently, beyond diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surface (BD-RIS) has been proposed to generalize conventional RIS. BD-RIS has a scattering matrix that is not restricted to being diagonal and thus brings a performance improvement over conventional RIS. While different BD-RIS architectures have been proposed, it still remains an open problem to develop a systematic approach to design BD-RIS architectures achieving the optimal trade-off between performance and circuit complexity. In this work, we propose novel modeling, architecture design, and optimization for BD-RIS based on graph theory. This graph theoretical modeling allows us to develop two new efficient BD-RIS architectures, denoted as tree-connected and forest-connected RIS. Tree-connected RIS, whose corresponding graph is a tree, is proven to be the least complex BD-RIS architecture able to achieve the performance upper bound in multiple-input single-output (MISO) systems. Besides, forest-connected RIS allows us to strike a balance between performance and complexity, further decreasing the complexity over tree-connected RIS. To optimize tree-connected RIS, we derive a closed-form global optimal solution, while forest-connected RIS is optimized through a low-complexity iterative algorithm. Numerical results confirm that tree-connected (resp. forest-connected) RIS achieves the same performance as fully-connected (resp. group-connected) RIS, while reducing the complexity by up to 16.4 times. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2305_05013 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Beyond Diagonal Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces Utilizing Graph Theory: Modeling, Architecture Design, and Optimization Nerini, Matteo Shen, Shanpu Li, Hongyu Clerckx, Bruno Information Theory Signal Processing Recently, beyond diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surface (BD-RIS) has been proposed to generalize conventional RIS. BD-RIS has a scattering matrix that is not restricted to being diagonal and thus brings a performance improvement over conventional RIS. While different BD-RIS architectures have been proposed, it still remains an open problem to develop a systematic approach to design BD-RIS architectures achieving the optimal trade-off between performance and circuit complexity. In this work, we propose novel modeling, architecture design, and optimization for BD-RIS based on graph theory. This graph theoretical modeling allows us to develop two new efficient BD-RIS architectures, denoted as tree-connected and forest-connected RIS. Tree-connected RIS, whose corresponding graph is a tree, is proven to be the least complex BD-RIS architecture able to achieve the performance upper bound in multiple-input single-output (MISO) systems. Besides, forest-connected RIS allows us to strike a balance between performance and complexity, further decreasing the complexity over tree-connected RIS. To optimize tree-connected RIS, we derive a closed-form global optimal solution, while forest-connected RIS is optimized through a low-complexity iterative algorithm. Numerical results confirm that tree-connected (resp. forest-connected) RIS achieves the same performance as fully-connected (resp. group-connected) RIS, while reducing the complexity by up to 16.4 times. |
| title | Beyond Diagonal Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces Utilizing Graph Theory: Modeling, Architecture Design, and Optimization |
| topic | Information Theory Signal Processing |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.05013 |