Hydrodynamics of Quantum Vortices on a Closed Surface

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Xiong, Yanqi, Yu, Xiaoquan
Format: Preprint
Published: 2023
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author Xiong, Yanqi
Yu, Xiaoquan
author_facet Xiong, Yanqi
Yu, Xiaoquan
contents We develop a neutral vortex fluid theory on closed surfaces with zero genus. The theory describes collective dynamics of many well-separated quantum vortices in a superfluid confined on a closed surface. Comparing to the case on a plane, the covariant vortex fluid equation on a curved surface contains an additional term proportional to Gaussian curvature multiplying the circulation quantum. This term describes the coupling between topological defects and curvature in the macroscopic level. For a sphere, the simplest nontrivial stationary vortex flow is obtained analytically and this flow is analogous to the celebrated zonal Rossby-Haurwitz wave in classical fluids on a nonrotating sphere. For this flow the difference between the coarse-grained vortex velocity field and the fluid velocity field generated by vortices is solely driven by curvature and vanishes in the corresponding vortex flow on a plane when the radius of the sphere goes to infinity.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2305_05373
institution arXiv
publishDate 2023
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Hydrodynamics of Quantum Vortices on a Closed Surface
Xiong, Yanqi
Yu, Xiaoquan
Quantum Gases
Other Condensed Matter
Superconductivity
Fluid Dynamics
We develop a neutral vortex fluid theory on closed surfaces with zero genus. The theory describes collective dynamics of many well-separated quantum vortices in a superfluid confined on a closed surface. Comparing to the case on a plane, the covariant vortex fluid equation on a curved surface contains an additional term proportional to Gaussian curvature multiplying the circulation quantum. This term describes the coupling between topological defects and curvature in the macroscopic level. For a sphere, the simplest nontrivial stationary vortex flow is obtained analytically and this flow is analogous to the celebrated zonal Rossby-Haurwitz wave in classical fluids on a nonrotating sphere. For this flow the difference between the coarse-grained vortex velocity field and the fluid velocity field generated by vortices is solely driven by curvature and vanishes in the corresponding vortex flow on a plane when the radius of the sphere goes to infinity.
title Hydrodynamics of Quantum Vortices on a Closed Surface
topic Quantum Gases
Other Condensed Matter
Superconductivity
Fluid Dynamics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.05373