Transfer Learning for Causal Effect Estimation
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2023
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| _version_ | 1866929195303567360 |
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| author | Wei, Song Zhang, Hanyu Moore, Ronald Kamaleswaran, Rishikesan Xie, Yao |
| author_facet | Wei, Song Zhang, Hanyu Moore, Ronald Kamaleswaran, Rishikesan Xie, Yao |
| contents | We present a Transfer Causal Learning (TCL) framework when target and source domains share the same covariate/feature spaces, aiming to improve causal effect estimation accuracy in limited data. Limited data is very common in medical applications, where some rare medical conditions, such as sepsis, are of interest. Our proposed method, named \texttt{$\ell_1$-TCL}, incorporates $\ell_1$ regularized TL for nuisance models (e.g., propensity score model); the TL estimator of the nuisance parameters is plugged into downstream average causal/treatment effect estimators (e.g., inverse probability weighted estimator). We establish non-asymptotic recovery guarantees for the \texttt{$\ell_1$-TCL} with generalized linear model (GLM) under the sparsity assumption in the high-dimensional setting, and demonstrate the empirical benefits of \texttt{$\ell_1$-TCL} through extensive numerical simulation for GLM and recent neural network nuisance models. Our method is subsequently extended to real data and generates meaningful insights consistent with medical literature, a case where all baseline methods fail. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2305_09126 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Transfer Learning for Causal Effect Estimation Wei, Song Zhang, Hanyu Moore, Ronald Kamaleswaran, Rishikesan Xie, Yao Machine Learning Statistics Theory Methodology We present a Transfer Causal Learning (TCL) framework when target and source domains share the same covariate/feature spaces, aiming to improve causal effect estimation accuracy in limited data. Limited data is very common in medical applications, where some rare medical conditions, such as sepsis, are of interest. Our proposed method, named \texttt{$\ell_1$-TCL}, incorporates $\ell_1$ regularized TL for nuisance models (e.g., propensity score model); the TL estimator of the nuisance parameters is plugged into downstream average causal/treatment effect estimators (e.g., inverse probability weighted estimator). We establish non-asymptotic recovery guarantees for the \texttt{$\ell_1$-TCL} with generalized linear model (GLM) under the sparsity assumption in the high-dimensional setting, and demonstrate the empirical benefits of \texttt{$\ell_1$-TCL} through extensive numerical simulation for GLM and recent neural network nuisance models. Our method is subsequently extended to real data and generates meaningful insights consistent with medical literature, a case where all baseline methods fail. |
| title | Transfer Learning for Causal Effect Estimation |
| topic | Machine Learning Statistics Theory Methodology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.09126 |