Rethinking the Evaluation Protocol of Domain Generalization

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Main Authors: Yu, Han, Zhang, Xingxuan, Xu, Renzhe, Liu, Jiashuo, He, Yue, Cui, Peng
Format: Preprint
Published: 2023
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author Yu, Han
Zhang, Xingxuan
Xu, Renzhe
Liu, Jiashuo
He, Yue
Cui, Peng
author_facet Yu, Han
Zhang, Xingxuan
Xu, Renzhe
Liu, Jiashuo
He, Yue
Cui, Peng
contents Domain generalization aims to solve the challenge of Out-of-Distribution (OOD) generalization by leveraging common knowledge learned from multiple training domains to generalize to unseen test domains. To accurately evaluate the OOD generalization ability, it is required that test data information is unavailable. However, the current domain generalization protocol may still have potential test data information leakage. This paper examines the risks of test data information leakage from two aspects of the current evaluation protocol: supervised pretraining on ImageNet and oracle model selection. We propose modifications to the current protocol that we should employ self-supervised pretraining or train from scratch instead of employing the current supervised pretraining, and we should use multiple test domains. These would result in a more precise evaluation of OOD generalization ability. We also rerun the algorithms with the modified protocol and introduce new leaderboards to encourage future research in domain generalization with a fairer comparison.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2305_15253
institution arXiv
publishDate 2023
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Rethinking the Evaluation Protocol of Domain Generalization
Yu, Han
Zhang, Xingxuan
Xu, Renzhe
Liu, Jiashuo
He, Yue
Cui, Peng
Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Domain generalization aims to solve the challenge of Out-of-Distribution (OOD) generalization by leveraging common knowledge learned from multiple training domains to generalize to unseen test domains. To accurately evaluate the OOD generalization ability, it is required that test data information is unavailable. However, the current domain generalization protocol may still have potential test data information leakage. This paper examines the risks of test data information leakage from two aspects of the current evaluation protocol: supervised pretraining on ImageNet and oracle model selection. We propose modifications to the current protocol that we should employ self-supervised pretraining or train from scratch instead of employing the current supervised pretraining, and we should use multiple test domains. These would result in a more precise evaluation of OOD generalization ability. We also rerun the algorithms with the modified protocol and introduce new leaderboards to encourage future research in domain generalization with a fairer comparison.
title Rethinking the Evaluation Protocol of Domain Generalization
topic Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.15253