ViDA: Homeostatic Visual Domain Adapter for Continual Test Time Adaptation

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Main Authors: Liu, Jiaming, Yang, Senqiao, Jia, Peidong, Zhang, Renrui, Lu, Ming, Guo, Yandong, Xue, Wei, Zhang, Shanghang
Format: Preprint
Published: 2023
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author Liu, Jiaming
Yang, Senqiao
Jia, Peidong
Zhang, Renrui
Lu, Ming
Guo, Yandong
Xue, Wei
Zhang, Shanghang
author_facet Liu, Jiaming
Yang, Senqiao
Jia, Peidong
Zhang, Renrui
Lu, Ming
Guo, Yandong
Xue, Wei
Zhang, Shanghang
contents Since real-world machine systems are running in non-stationary environments, Continual Test-Time Adaptation (CTTA) task is proposed to adapt the pre-trained model to continually changing target domains. Recently, existing methods mainly focus on model-based adaptation, which aims to leverage a self-training manner to extract the target domain knowledge. However, pseudo labels can be noisy and the updated model parameters are unreliable under dynamic data distributions, leading to error accumulation and catastrophic forgetting in the continual adaptation process. To tackle these challenges and maintain the model plasticity, we design a Visual Domain Adapter (ViDA) for CTTA, explicitly handling both domain-specific and domain-shared knowledge. Specifically, we first comprehensively explore the different domain representations of the adapters with trainable high-rank or low-rank embedding spaces. Then we inject ViDAs into the pre-trained model, which leverages high-rank and low-rank features to adapt the current domain distribution and maintain the continual domain-shared knowledge, respectively. To exploit the low-rank and high-rank ViDAs more effectively, we further propose a Homeostatic Knowledge Allotment (HKA) strategy, which adaptively combines different knowledge from each ViDA. Extensive experiments conducted on four widely used benchmarks demonstrate that our proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance in both classification and segmentation CTTA tasks. Note that, our method can be regarded as a novel transfer paradigm for large-scale models, delivering promising results in adaptation to continually changing distributions. Project page: https://sites.google.com/view/iclr2024-vida/home.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2306_04344
institution arXiv
publishDate 2023
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle ViDA: Homeostatic Visual Domain Adapter for Continual Test Time Adaptation
Liu, Jiaming
Yang, Senqiao
Jia, Peidong
Zhang, Renrui
Lu, Ming
Guo, Yandong
Xue, Wei
Zhang, Shanghang
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Since real-world machine systems are running in non-stationary environments, Continual Test-Time Adaptation (CTTA) task is proposed to adapt the pre-trained model to continually changing target domains. Recently, existing methods mainly focus on model-based adaptation, which aims to leverage a self-training manner to extract the target domain knowledge. However, pseudo labels can be noisy and the updated model parameters are unreliable under dynamic data distributions, leading to error accumulation and catastrophic forgetting in the continual adaptation process. To tackle these challenges and maintain the model plasticity, we design a Visual Domain Adapter (ViDA) for CTTA, explicitly handling both domain-specific and domain-shared knowledge. Specifically, we first comprehensively explore the different domain representations of the adapters with trainable high-rank or low-rank embedding spaces. Then we inject ViDAs into the pre-trained model, which leverages high-rank and low-rank features to adapt the current domain distribution and maintain the continual domain-shared knowledge, respectively. To exploit the low-rank and high-rank ViDAs more effectively, we further propose a Homeostatic Knowledge Allotment (HKA) strategy, which adaptively combines different knowledge from each ViDA. Extensive experiments conducted on four widely used benchmarks demonstrate that our proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance in both classification and segmentation CTTA tasks. Note that, our method can be regarded as a novel transfer paradigm for large-scale models, delivering promising results in adaptation to continually changing distributions. Project page: https://sites.google.com/view/iclr2024-vida/home.
title ViDA: Homeostatic Visual Domain Adapter for Continual Test Time Adaptation
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.04344