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Practical approaches to analyzing PTA data: Cosmic strings with six pulsars

Fuente: arXiv

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Hauptverfasser:	Leclere, Hippolyte Quelquejay, Auclair, Pierre, Babak, Stanislav, Chalumeau, Aurélien, Steer, Danièle A., Antoniadis, J., Nielsen, A. -S. Bak, Bassa, C. G., Berthereau, A., Bonetti, M., Bortolas, E., Brook, P. R., Burgay, M., Caballero, R. N., Champion, D. J., Chanlaridis, S., Chen, S., Cognard, I., Desvignes, G., Falxa, M., Ferdman, R. D., Franchini, A., Gair, J. R., Goncharov, B., Graikou, E., Grießmeier, J. -M., Guillemot, L., Guo, Y. J., Hu, H., Iraci, F., Izquierdo-Villalba, D., Jang, J., Jawor, J., Janssen, G. H., Jessner, A., Karuppusamy, R., Keane, E. F., Keith, M. J., Kramer, M., Krishnakumar, M. A., Lackeos, K., Lee, K. J., Liu, K., Liu, Y., Lyne, A. G., McKee, J. W., Main, R. A., Mickaliger, M. B., Niţu, I. C., Parthasarathy, A., Perera, B. B. P., Perrodin, D., Petiteau, A., Porayko, N. K., Possenti, A., Samajdar, A., Sanidas, S. A., Sesana, A., Shaifullah, G., Speri, L., Spiewak, R., Stappers, B. W., Susarla, S. C., Theureau, G., Tiburzi, C., van der Wateren, E., Vecchio, A., Krishnan, V. Venkatraman, Verbiest, J. P. W., Wang, J., Wang, L., Wu, Z.
Format:	Preprint
Veröffentlicht:	2023
Schlagworte:	General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics High Energy Physics - Theory
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author	Leclere, Hippolyte Quelquejay Auclair, Pierre Babak, Stanislav Chalumeau, Aurélien Steer, Danièle A. Antoniadis, J. Nielsen, A. -S. Bak Bassa, C. G. Berthereau, A. Bonetti, M. Bortolas, E. Brook, P. R. Burgay, M. Caballero, R. N. Champion, D. J. Chanlaridis, S. Chen, S. Cognard, I. Desvignes, G. Falxa, M. Ferdman, R. D. Franchini, A. Gair, J. R. Goncharov, B. Graikou, E. Grießmeier, J. -M. Guillemot, L. Guo, Y. J. Hu, H. Iraci, F. Izquierdo-Villalba, D. Jang, J. Jawor, J. Janssen, G. H. Jessner, A. Karuppusamy, R. Keane, E. F. Keith, M. J. Kramer, M. Krishnakumar, M. A. Lackeos, K. Lee, K. J. Liu, K. Liu, Y. Lyne, A. G. McKee, J. W. Main, R. A. Mickaliger, M. B. Niţu, I. C. Parthasarathy, A. Perera, B. B. P. Perrodin, D. Petiteau, A. Porayko, N. K. Possenti, A. Samajdar, A. Sanidas, S. A. Sesana, A. Shaifullah, G. Speri, L. Spiewak, R. Stappers, B. W. Susarla, S. C. Theureau, G. Tiburzi, C. van der Wateren, E. Vecchio, A. Krishnan, V. Venkatraman Verbiest, J. P. W. Wang, J. Wang, L. Wu, Z.
author_facet	Leclere, Hippolyte Quelquejay Auclair, Pierre Babak, Stanislav Chalumeau, Aurélien Steer, Danièle A. Antoniadis, J. Nielsen, A. -S. Bak Bassa, C. G. Berthereau, A. Bonetti, M. Bortolas, E. Brook, P. R. Burgay, M. Caballero, R. N. Champion, D. J. Chanlaridis, S. Chen, S. Cognard, I. Desvignes, G. Falxa, M. Ferdman, R. D. Franchini, A. Gair, J. R. Goncharov, B. Graikou, E. Grießmeier, J. -M. Guillemot, L. Guo, Y. J. Hu, H. Iraci, F. Izquierdo-Villalba, D. Jang, J. Jawor, J. Janssen, G. H. Jessner, A. Karuppusamy, R. Keane, E. F. Keith, M. J. Kramer, M. Krishnakumar, M. A. Lackeos, K. Lee, K. J. Liu, K. Liu, Y. Lyne, A. G. McKee, J. W. Main, R. A. Mickaliger, M. B. Niţu, I. C. Parthasarathy, A. Perera, B. B. P. Perrodin, D. Petiteau, A. Porayko, N. K. Possenti, A. Samajdar, A. Sanidas, S. A. Sesana, A. Shaifullah, G. Speri, L. Spiewak, R. Stappers, B. W. Susarla, S. C. Theureau, G. Tiburzi, C. van der Wateren, E. Vecchio, A. Krishnan, V. Venkatraman Verbiest, J. P. W. Wang, J. Wang, L. Wu, Z.
contents	We search for a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) generated by a network of cosmic strings using six millisecond pulsars from Data Release 2 (DR2) of the European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA). We perform a Bayesian analysis considering two models for the network of cosmic string loops, and compare it to a simple power-law model which is expected from the population of supermassive black hole binaries. Our main strong assumption is that the previously reported common red noise process is a SGWB. We find that the one-parameter cosmic string model is slightly favored over a power-law model thanks to its simplicity. If we assume a two-component stochastic signal in the data (supermassive black hole binary population and the signal from cosmic strings), we get a $95\%$ upper limit on the string tension of $\log_{10}(Gμ) < -9.9$ ($-10.5$) for the two cosmic string models we consider. In extended two-parameter string models, we were unable to constrain the number of kinks. We test two approximate and fast Bayesian data analysis methods against the most rigorous analysis and find consistent results. These two fast and efficient methods are applicable to all SGWBs, independent of their source, and will be crucial for analysis of extended data sets.
format	Preprint
id	arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2306_12234
institution	arXiv
publishDate	2023
record_format	arxiv
spellingShingle	Practical approaches to analyzing PTA data: Cosmic strings with six pulsars Leclere, Hippolyte Quelquejay Auclair, Pierre Babak, Stanislav Chalumeau, Aurélien Steer, Danièle A. Antoniadis, J. Nielsen, A. -S. Bak Bassa, C. G. Berthereau, A. Bonetti, M. Bortolas, E. Brook, P. R. Burgay, M. Caballero, R. N. Champion, D. J. Chanlaridis, S. Chen, S. Cognard, I. Desvignes, G. Falxa, M. Ferdman, R. D. Franchini, A. Gair, J. R. Goncharov, B. Graikou, E. Grießmeier, J. -M. Guillemot, L. Guo, Y. J. Hu, H. Iraci, F. Izquierdo-Villalba, D. Jang, J. Jawor, J. Janssen, G. H. Jessner, A. Karuppusamy, R. Keane, E. F. Keith, M. J. Kramer, M. Krishnakumar, M. A. Lackeos, K. Lee, K. J. Liu, K. Liu, Y. Lyne, A. G. McKee, J. W. Main, R. A. Mickaliger, M. B. Niţu, I. C. Parthasarathy, A. Perera, B. B. P. Perrodin, D. Petiteau, A. Porayko, N. K. Possenti, A. Samajdar, A. Sanidas, S. A. Sesana, A. Shaifullah, G. Speri, L. Spiewak, R. Stappers, B. W. Susarla, S. C. Theureau, G. Tiburzi, C. van der Wateren, E. Vecchio, A. Krishnan, V. Venkatraman Verbiest, J. P. W. Wang, J. Wang, L. Wu, Z. General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics High Energy Physics - Theory We search for a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) generated by a network of cosmic strings using six millisecond pulsars from Data Release 2 (DR2) of the European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA). We perform a Bayesian analysis considering two models for the network of cosmic string loops, and compare it to a simple power-law model which is expected from the population of supermassive black hole binaries. Our main strong assumption is that the previously reported common red noise process is a SGWB. We find that the one-parameter cosmic string model is slightly favored over a power-law model thanks to its simplicity. If we assume a two-component stochastic signal in the data (supermassive black hole binary population and the signal from cosmic strings), we get a $95\%$ upper limit on the string tension of $\log_{10}(Gμ) < -9.9$ ($-10.5$) for the two cosmic string models we consider. In extended two-parameter string models, we were unable to constrain the number of kinks. We test two approximate and fast Bayesian data analysis methods against the most rigorous analysis and find consistent results. These two fast and efficient methods are applicable to all SGWBs, independent of their source, and will be crucial for analysis of extended data sets.
title	Practical approaches to analyzing PTA data: Cosmic strings with six pulsars
topic	General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics High Energy Physics - Theory
url	https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.12234