Cosmological Background Interpretation of Pulsar Timing Array Data
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2023
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| author | Figueroa, Daniel G. Pieroni, Mauro Ricciardone, Angelo Simakachorn, Peera |
| author_facet | Figueroa, Daniel G. Pieroni, Mauro Ricciardone, Angelo Simakachorn, Peera |
| contents | We discuss the interpretation of the detected signal by Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) observations as a gravitational wave background (GWB) of cosmological origin. We combine NANOGrav 15-years and EPTA-DR2new data sets and confront them against backgrounds from supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs), and cosmological signals from inflation, cosmic (super)strings, first-order phase transitions, Gaussian and non-Gaussian large scalar fluctuations, and audible axions. We find that scalar-induced, and to a lesser extent audible axion and cosmic superstring signals, provide a better fit than SMBHBs. These results depend, however, on modeling assumptions, so further data and analysis are needed to reach robust conclusions. Independently of the signal origin, the data strongly constrain the parameter space of cosmological signals, for example, setting an upper bound on primordial non-Gaussianity at PTA scales as $|f_{nl}| \lesssim 2.34$ at 95% CL. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2307_02399 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Cosmological Background Interpretation of Pulsar Timing Array Data Figueroa, Daniel G. Pieroni, Mauro Ricciardone, Angelo Simakachorn, Peera Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Phenomenology We discuss the interpretation of the detected signal by Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) observations as a gravitational wave background (GWB) of cosmological origin. We combine NANOGrav 15-years and EPTA-DR2new data sets and confront them against backgrounds from supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs), and cosmological signals from inflation, cosmic (super)strings, first-order phase transitions, Gaussian and non-Gaussian large scalar fluctuations, and audible axions. We find that scalar-induced, and to a lesser extent audible axion and cosmic superstring signals, provide a better fit than SMBHBs. These results depend, however, on modeling assumptions, so further data and analysis are needed to reach robust conclusions. Independently of the signal origin, the data strongly constrain the parameter space of cosmological signals, for example, setting an upper bound on primordial non-Gaussianity at PTA scales as $|f_{nl}| \lesssim 2.34$ at 95% CL. |
| title | Cosmological Background Interpretation of Pulsar Timing Array Data |
| topic | Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.02399 |