Magnetar emergence in a peculiar gamma-ray burst from a compact star merger
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arXiv
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2023
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| author | Sun, H. Wang, C. -W. Yang, J. Zhang, B. -B. Xiong, S. -L. Yin, Y. -H. I. Liu, Y. Li, Y. Xue, W. -C. Yan, Z. Zhang, C. Tan, W. -J. Pan, H. -W. Liu, J. -C. Cheng, H. -Q. Zhang, Y. -Q. Hu, J. -W. Zheng, C. An, Z. -H. Cai, C. Cai, Z. -M. Hu, L. Jin, C. Li, D. -Y. Li, X. -Q. Liu, H. -Y. Liu, M. Peng, W. -X. Song, L. -M. Sun, S. -L. Sun, X. -J. Wang, X. -L. Wen, X. -Y. Xiao, S. Yi, S. -X. Zhang, F. Zhang, W. -D. Zhang, X. -F. Zhang, Y. -H. Zhao, D. -H. Zheng, S. -J. Ling, Z. -X. Zhang, S. -N. Yuan, W. Zhang, B. |
| author_facet | Sun, H. Wang, C. -W. Yang, J. Zhang, B. -B. Xiong, S. -L. Yin, Y. -H. I. Liu, Y. Li, Y. Xue, W. -C. Yan, Z. Zhang, C. Tan, W. -J. Pan, H. -W. Liu, J. -C. Cheng, H. -Q. Zhang, Y. -Q. Hu, J. -W. Zheng, C. An, Z. -H. Cai, C. Cai, Z. -M. Hu, L. Jin, C. Li, D. -Y. Li, X. -Q. Liu, H. -Y. Liu, M. Peng, W. -X. Song, L. -M. Sun, S. -L. Sun, X. -J. Wang, X. -L. Wen, X. -Y. Xiao, S. Yi, S. -X. Zhang, F. Zhang, W. -D. Zhang, X. -F. Zhang, Y. -H. Zhao, D. -H. Zheng, S. -J. Ling, Z. -X. Zhang, S. -N. Yuan, W. Zhang, B. |
| contents | The central engine that powers gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), the most powerful explosions in the universe, is still not identified. Besides hyper-accreting black holes, rapidly spinning and highly magnetized neutron stars, known as millisecond magnetars, have been suggested to power both long and short GRBs. The presence of a magnetar engine following compact star mergers is of particular interest as it would provide essential constraints on the poorly understood equation of state for neutron stars. Indirect indications of a magnetar engine in these merger sources have been observed in the form of plateau features present in the X-ray afterglow light curves of some short GRBs. Additionally, some X-ray transients lacking gamma-ray bursts (GRB-less) have been identified as potential magnetar candidates originating from compact star mergers. Nevertheless, smoking gun evidence is still lacking for a magnetar engine in short GRBs, and the associated theoretical challenges have been raised. Here we present a comprehensive analysis of the broad-band prompt emission data of a peculiar, very bright GRB 230307A. Despite its apparently long duration, the prompt emission and host galaxy properties are consistent with a compact star merger origin, as suggested by its association with a kilonova. Intriguingly, an extended X-ray emission component shows up as the $γ$-ray emission dies out, signifying the likely emergence of a magnetar central engine. We also identify an achromatic temporal break in the high-energy band during the prompt emission phase, which was never observed in previous bursts and reveals a narrow jet with half opening angle of approximately $\sim 3.4^\circ (R_{GRB}/10^{15}~{cm})^{-1/2}$, where $R_{GRB}$ is the GRB prompt emission radius. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2307_05689 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Magnetar emergence in a peculiar gamma-ray burst from a compact star merger Sun, H. Wang, C. -W. Yang, J. Zhang, B. -B. Xiong, S. -L. Yin, Y. -H. I. Liu, Y. Li, Y. Xue, W. -C. Yan, Z. Zhang, C. Tan, W. -J. Pan, H. -W. Liu, J. -C. Cheng, H. -Q. Zhang, Y. -Q. Hu, J. -W. Zheng, C. An, Z. -H. Cai, C. Cai, Z. -M. Hu, L. Jin, C. Li, D. -Y. Li, X. -Q. Liu, H. -Y. Liu, M. Peng, W. -X. Song, L. -M. Sun, S. -L. Sun, X. -J. Wang, X. -L. Wen, X. -Y. Xiao, S. Yi, S. -X. Zhang, F. Zhang, W. -D. Zhang, X. -F. Zhang, Y. -H. Zhao, D. -H. Zheng, S. -J. Ling, Z. -X. Zhang, S. -N. Yuan, W. Zhang, B. High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena The central engine that powers gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), the most powerful explosions in the universe, is still not identified. Besides hyper-accreting black holes, rapidly spinning and highly magnetized neutron stars, known as millisecond magnetars, have been suggested to power both long and short GRBs. The presence of a magnetar engine following compact star mergers is of particular interest as it would provide essential constraints on the poorly understood equation of state for neutron stars. Indirect indications of a magnetar engine in these merger sources have been observed in the form of plateau features present in the X-ray afterglow light curves of some short GRBs. Additionally, some X-ray transients lacking gamma-ray bursts (GRB-less) have been identified as potential magnetar candidates originating from compact star mergers. Nevertheless, smoking gun evidence is still lacking for a magnetar engine in short GRBs, and the associated theoretical challenges have been raised. Here we present a comprehensive analysis of the broad-band prompt emission data of a peculiar, very bright GRB 230307A. Despite its apparently long duration, the prompt emission and host galaxy properties are consistent with a compact star merger origin, as suggested by its association with a kilonova. Intriguingly, an extended X-ray emission component shows up as the $γ$-ray emission dies out, signifying the likely emergence of a magnetar central engine. We also identify an achromatic temporal break in the high-energy band during the prompt emission phase, which was never observed in previous bursts and reveals a narrow jet with half opening angle of approximately $\sim 3.4^\circ (R_{GRB}/10^{15}~{cm})^{-1/2}$, where $R_{GRB}$ is the GRB prompt emission radius. |
| title | Magnetar emergence in a peculiar gamma-ray burst from a compact star merger |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.05689 |