Coexistence of defect morphologies in three dimensional active nematics

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Digregorio, Pasquale, Rorai, Cecilia, Pagonabarraga, Ignacio, Toschi, Federico
Format: Preprint
Published: 2023
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author Digregorio, Pasquale
Rorai, Cecilia
Pagonabarraga, Ignacio
Toschi, Federico
author_facet Digregorio, Pasquale
Rorai, Cecilia
Pagonabarraga, Ignacio
Toschi, Federico
contents We establish how active stress globally affects the morphology of disclination lines of a three dimensional active nematic liquid crystal under chaotic flow. Thanks to a defect detection algorithm based on the local nematic orientation, we show that activity selects a crossover length scale in between the size of small defect loops and the one of long and tangled defect lines of fractal dimension $2$. This length scale crossover is consistent with the scaling of the average separation between defects as a function of activity. Moreover, on the basis of numerical simulation in a 3D periodic geometry, we show the presence of a network of regular defect loops, contractible onto the $3$-torus, always coexisting with wrapping defect lines. While the length of regular defects scales linearly with the emerging active length scale, it verifies an inverse quadratic dependence for wrapping defects. The shorter the active length scale, the more the defect lines wrap around the periodic boundaries, resulting in extremely long and buckled structures.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2307_10103
institution arXiv
publishDate 2023
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Coexistence of defect morphologies in three dimensional active nematics
Digregorio, Pasquale
Rorai, Cecilia
Pagonabarraga, Ignacio
Toschi, Federico
Soft Condensed Matter
Statistical Mechanics
We establish how active stress globally affects the morphology of disclination lines of a three dimensional active nematic liquid crystal under chaotic flow. Thanks to a defect detection algorithm based on the local nematic orientation, we show that activity selects a crossover length scale in between the size of small defect loops and the one of long and tangled defect lines of fractal dimension $2$. This length scale crossover is consistent with the scaling of the average separation between defects as a function of activity. Moreover, on the basis of numerical simulation in a 3D periodic geometry, we show the presence of a network of regular defect loops, contractible onto the $3$-torus, always coexisting with wrapping defect lines. While the length of regular defects scales linearly with the emerging active length scale, it verifies an inverse quadratic dependence for wrapping defects. The shorter the active length scale, the more the defect lines wrap around the periodic boundaries, resulting in extremely long and buckled structures.
title Coexistence of defect morphologies in three dimensional active nematics
topic Soft Condensed Matter
Statistical Mechanics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.10103