Ground-based and JWST Observations of SN 2022pul: II. Evidence from Nebular Spectroscopy for a Violent Merger in a Peculiar Type-Ia Supernova
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2023
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| author | Kwok, Lindsey A. Siebert, Matthew R. Johansson, Joel Jha, Saurabh W. Blondin, Stephane Dessart, Luc Foley, Ryan J. Hillier, D. John Larison, Conor Pakmor, Ruediger Temim, Tea Andrews, Jennifer E. Auchettl, Katie Badenes, Carles Barna, Barnabas Bostroem, K. Azalee Newman, Max J. Brenner Brink, Thomas G. Bustamante-Rosell, Maria Jose Camacho-Neves, Yssavo Clocchiatti, Alejandro Coulter, David A. Davis, Kyle W. Deckers, Maxime Dimitriadis, Georgios Dong, Yize Farah, Joseph Filippenko, Alexei V. Flors, Andreas Fox, Ori D. Garnavich, Peter Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla Graur, Or Hambsch, Franz-Josef Hosseinzadeh, Griffin Howell, D. Andrew Hughes, John P. Kerzendorf, Wolfgang E. Saux, Xavier K. Le Maeda, Keiichi Maguire, Kate McCully, Curtis Mihalenko, Cassidy Newsome, Megan O'Brien, John T. Pearson, Jeniveve Pellegrino, Craig Pierel, Justin D. R. Polin, Abigail Rest, Armin Rojas-Bravo, Cesar Sand, David J. Schwab, Michaela Shahbandeh, Melissa Shrestha, Manisha Smith, Nathan Strolger, Louis-Gregory Szalai, Tamas Taggart, Kirsty Terreran, Giacomo Terwel, Jacco H. Tinyanont, Samaporn Valenti, Stefano Vinko, Jozsef Wheeler, J. Craig Yang, Yi Zheng, WeiKang Ashall, Chris DerKacy, James M. Galbany, Lluis Hoeflich, Peter de Jaeger, Thomas Lu, Jing Maund, Justyn Medler, Kyle Morrell, Nidia Shappee, Benjamin J. Stritzinger, Maximilian Suntzeff, Nicholas Tucker, Michael Wang, Lifan |
| author_facet | Kwok, Lindsey A. Siebert, Matthew R. Johansson, Joel Jha, Saurabh W. Blondin, Stephane Dessart, Luc Foley, Ryan J. Hillier, D. John Larison, Conor Pakmor, Ruediger Temim, Tea Andrews, Jennifer E. Auchettl, Katie Badenes, Carles Barna, Barnabas Bostroem, K. Azalee Newman, Max J. Brenner Brink, Thomas G. Bustamante-Rosell, Maria Jose Camacho-Neves, Yssavo Clocchiatti, Alejandro Coulter, David A. Davis, Kyle W. Deckers, Maxime Dimitriadis, Georgios Dong, Yize Farah, Joseph Filippenko, Alexei V. Flors, Andreas Fox, Ori D. Garnavich, Peter Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla Graur, Or Hambsch, Franz-Josef Hosseinzadeh, Griffin Howell, D. Andrew Hughes, John P. Kerzendorf, Wolfgang E. Saux, Xavier K. Le Maeda, Keiichi Maguire, Kate McCully, Curtis Mihalenko, Cassidy Newsome, Megan O'Brien, John T. Pearson, Jeniveve Pellegrino, Craig Pierel, Justin D. R. Polin, Abigail Rest, Armin Rojas-Bravo, Cesar Sand, David J. Schwab, Michaela Shahbandeh, Melissa Shrestha, Manisha Smith, Nathan Strolger, Louis-Gregory Szalai, Tamas Taggart, Kirsty Terreran, Giacomo Terwel, Jacco H. Tinyanont, Samaporn Valenti, Stefano Vinko, Jozsef Wheeler, J. Craig Yang, Yi Zheng, WeiKang Ashall, Chris DerKacy, James M. Galbany, Lluis Hoeflich, Peter de Jaeger, Thomas Lu, Jing Maund, Justyn Medler, Kyle Morrell, Nidia Shappee, Benjamin J. Stritzinger, Maximilian Suntzeff, Nicholas Tucker, Michael Wang, Lifan |
| contents | We present an analysis of ground-based and JWST observations of SN~2022pul, a peculiar "03fg-like" (or "super-Chandrasekhar") Type Ia supernova (SN Ia), in the nebular phase at 338d post explosion. Our combined spectrum continuously covers 0.4--14 $μ$m and includes the first mid-infrared spectrum of an 03fg-like SN Ia. Compared to normal SN Ia 2021aefx, SN 2022pul exhibits a lower mean ionization state, asymmetric emission-line profiles, stronger emission from the intermediate-mass elements (IMEs) argon and calcium, weaker emission from iron-group elements (IGEs), and the first unambiguous detection of neon in a SN Ia. Strong, broad, centrally peaked [Ne II] line at 12.81 $μ$m was previously predicted as a hallmark of "violent merger'' SN Ia models, where dynamical interaction between two sub-$M_{ch}$ white dwarfs (WDs) causes disruption of the lower mass WD and detonation of the other. The violent merger scenario was already a leading hypothesis for 03fg-like SNe Ia; in SN 2022pul it can explain the large-scale ejecta asymmetries seen between the IMEs and IGEs and the central location of narrow oxygen and broad neon. We modify extant models to add clumping of the ejecta to better reproduce the optical iron emission, and add mass in the innermost region ($< 2000$ km s$^{-1}$) to account for the observed narrow [O I]~$λ\lambda6300$, 6364 emission. A violent WD-WD merger explains many of the observations of SN 2022pul, and our results favor this model interpretation for the subclass of 03fg-like SN Ia. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2308_12450 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Ground-based and JWST Observations of SN 2022pul: II. Evidence from Nebular Spectroscopy for a Violent Merger in a Peculiar Type-Ia Supernova Kwok, Lindsey A. Siebert, Matthew R. Johansson, Joel Jha, Saurabh W. Blondin, Stephane Dessart, Luc Foley, Ryan J. Hillier, D. John Larison, Conor Pakmor, Ruediger Temim, Tea Andrews, Jennifer E. Auchettl, Katie Badenes, Carles Barna, Barnabas Bostroem, K. Azalee Newman, Max J. Brenner Brink, Thomas G. Bustamante-Rosell, Maria Jose Camacho-Neves, Yssavo Clocchiatti, Alejandro Coulter, David A. Davis, Kyle W. Deckers, Maxime Dimitriadis, Georgios Dong, Yize Farah, Joseph Filippenko, Alexei V. Flors, Andreas Fox, Ori D. Garnavich, Peter Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla Graur, Or Hambsch, Franz-Josef Hosseinzadeh, Griffin Howell, D. Andrew Hughes, John P. Kerzendorf, Wolfgang E. Saux, Xavier K. Le Maeda, Keiichi Maguire, Kate McCully, Curtis Mihalenko, Cassidy Newsome, Megan O'Brien, John T. Pearson, Jeniveve Pellegrino, Craig Pierel, Justin D. R. Polin, Abigail Rest, Armin Rojas-Bravo, Cesar Sand, David J. Schwab, Michaela Shahbandeh, Melissa Shrestha, Manisha Smith, Nathan Strolger, Louis-Gregory Szalai, Tamas Taggart, Kirsty Terreran, Giacomo Terwel, Jacco H. Tinyanont, Samaporn Valenti, Stefano Vinko, Jozsef Wheeler, J. Craig Yang, Yi Zheng, WeiKang Ashall, Chris DerKacy, James M. Galbany, Lluis Hoeflich, Peter de Jaeger, Thomas Lu, Jing Maund, Justyn Medler, Kyle Morrell, Nidia Shappee, Benjamin J. Stritzinger, Maximilian Suntzeff, Nicholas Tucker, Michael Wang, Lifan High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Solar and Stellar Astrophysics We present an analysis of ground-based and JWST observations of SN~2022pul, a peculiar "03fg-like" (or "super-Chandrasekhar") Type Ia supernova (SN Ia), in the nebular phase at 338d post explosion. Our combined spectrum continuously covers 0.4--14 $μ$m and includes the first mid-infrared spectrum of an 03fg-like SN Ia. Compared to normal SN Ia 2021aefx, SN 2022pul exhibits a lower mean ionization state, asymmetric emission-line profiles, stronger emission from the intermediate-mass elements (IMEs) argon and calcium, weaker emission from iron-group elements (IGEs), and the first unambiguous detection of neon in a SN Ia. Strong, broad, centrally peaked [Ne II] line at 12.81 $μ$m was previously predicted as a hallmark of "violent merger'' SN Ia models, where dynamical interaction between two sub-$M_{ch}$ white dwarfs (WDs) causes disruption of the lower mass WD and detonation of the other. The violent merger scenario was already a leading hypothesis for 03fg-like SNe Ia; in SN 2022pul it can explain the large-scale ejecta asymmetries seen between the IMEs and IGEs and the central location of narrow oxygen and broad neon. We modify extant models to add clumping of the ejecta to better reproduce the optical iron emission, and add mass in the innermost region ($< 2000$ km s$^{-1}$) to account for the observed narrow [O I]~$λ\lambda6300$, 6364 emission. A violent WD-WD merger explains many of the observations of SN 2022pul, and our results favor this model interpretation for the subclass of 03fg-like SN Ia. |
| title | Ground-based and JWST Observations of SN 2022pul: II. Evidence from Nebular Spectroscopy for a Violent Merger in a Peculiar Type-Ia Supernova |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.12450 |