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Design and performance of the field cage for the XENONnT experiment

Fuente: arXiv

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Aprile, E., Abe, K., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Althueser, L., Andrieu, B., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Antochi, V. C., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Baxter, A. L., Bazyk, M., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Brookes, E. J., Brown, A., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Bui, T. K., Cai, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Chávez, A. P. Cimental, Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., Cussonneau, J. P., DÁndrea, V., Decowski, M. P., Di Gangi, P., Diglio, S., Eitel, K., Elykov, A., Farrell, S., Ferella, A. D., Ferrari, C., Fischer, H., Flierman, M., Fulgione, W., Fuselli, C., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galloway, M., Gao, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Guan, H., Guida, M., Hammann, R., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hoetzsch, L., Hood, N. F., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Joy, A., Kara, M., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Kuger, F., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Müller, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Paetsch, B., Palacio, J., Pellegrini, Q., Peres, R., Peters, C., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Plante, G., Pollmann, T. R., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Šarčević, N., Shi, J., Singh, R., Sanchez, L., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sarnoff, I., Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schulte, P., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shi, S., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Terliuk, A., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Volta, G., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wolf, T., Wu, V. H. S., Xing, Y., Xu, D., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zhong, M., Zhu, T.
Formato:	Preprint
Publicado:	2023
Materias:	High Energy Physics - Experiment Instrumentation and Detectors
Acceso en línea:	Acceder al recurso
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_version_	1866910323348340736
author	Aprile, E. Abe, K. Maouloud, S. Ahmed Althueser, L. Andrieu, B. Angelino, E. Angevaare, J. R. Antochi, V. C. Martin, D. Antón Arneodo, F. Baudis, L. Baxter, A. L. Bazyk, M. Bellagamba, L. Biondi, R. Bismark, A. Brookes, E. J. Brown, A. Bruenner, S. Bruno, G. Budnik, R. Bui, T. K. Cai, C. Cardoso, J. M. R. Cichon, D. Chávez, A. P. Cimental Colijn, A. P. Conrad, J. Cuenca-García, J. J. Cussonneau, J. P. DÁndrea, V. Decowski, M. P. Di Gangi, P. Diglio, S. Eitel, K. Elykov, A. Farrell, S. Ferella, A. D. Ferrari, C. Fischer, H. Flierman, M. Fulgione, W. Fuselli, C. Gaemers, P. Gaior, R. Rosso, A. Gallo Galloway, M. Gao, F. Glade-Beucke, R. Grandi, L. Grigat, J. Guan, H. Guida, M. Hammann, R. Higuera, A. Hils, C. Hoetzsch, L. Hood, N. F. Howlett, J. Iacovacci, M. Itow, Y. Jakob, J. Joerg, F. Joy, A. Kara, M. Kavrigin, P. Kazama, S. Kobayashi, M. Koltman, G. Kopec, A. Kuger, F. Landsman, H. Lang, R. F. Levinson, L. Li, I. Li, S. Liang, S. Lindemann, S. Lindner, M. Liu, K. Loizeau, J. Lombardi, F. Long, J. Lopes, J. A. M. Ma, Y. Macolino, C. Mahlstedt, J. Mancuso, A. Manenti, L. Marignetti, F. Undagoitia, T. Marrodán Martens, K. Masbou, J. Masson, D. Masson, E. Mastroianni, S. Messina, M. Miuchi, K. Molinario, A. Moriyama, S. Morå, K. Mosbacher, Y. Murra, M. Müller, J. Ni, K. Oberlack, U. Paetsch, B. Palacio, J. Pellegrini, Q. Peres, R. Peters, C. Pienaar, J. Pierre, M. Plante, G. Pollmann, T. R. Qi, J. Qin, J. García, D. Ramírez Šarčević, N. Shi, J. Singh, R. Sanchez, L. Santos, J. M. F. dos Sarnoff, I. Sartorelli, G. Schreiner, J. Schulte, D. Schulte, P. Eißing, H. Schulze Schumann, M. Lavina, L. Scotto Selvi, M. Semeria, F. Shagin, P. Shi, S. Shockley, E. Silva, M. Simgen, H. Takeda, A. Tan, P. -L. Terliuk, A. Thers, D. Toschi, F. Trinchero, G. Tunnell, C. Tönnies, F. Valerius, K. Volta, G. Weinheimer, C. Weiss, M. Wenz, D. Wittweg, C. Wolf, T. Wu, V. H. S. Xing, Y. Xu, D. Xu, Z. Yamashita, M. Yang, L. Ye, J. Yuan, L. Zavattini, G. Zhong, M. Zhu, T.
author_facet	Aprile, E. Abe, K. Maouloud, S. Ahmed Althueser, L. Andrieu, B. Angelino, E. Angevaare, J. R. Antochi, V. C. Martin, D. Antón Arneodo, F. Baudis, L. Baxter, A. L. Bazyk, M. Bellagamba, L. Biondi, R. Bismark, A. Brookes, E. J. Brown, A. Bruenner, S. Bruno, G. Budnik, R. Bui, T. K. Cai, C. Cardoso, J. M. R. Cichon, D. Chávez, A. P. Cimental Colijn, A. P. Conrad, J. Cuenca-García, J. J. Cussonneau, J. P. DÁndrea, V. Decowski, M. P. Di Gangi, P. Diglio, S. Eitel, K. Elykov, A. Farrell, S. Ferella, A. D. Ferrari, C. Fischer, H. Flierman, M. Fulgione, W. Fuselli, C. Gaemers, P. Gaior, R. Rosso, A. Gallo Galloway, M. Gao, F. Glade-Beucke, R. Grandi, L. Grigat, J. Guan, H. Guida, M. Hammann, R. Higuera, A. Hils, C. Hoetzsch, L. Hood, N. F. Howlett, J. Iacovacci, M. Itow, Y. Jakob, J. Joerg, F. Joy, A. Kara, M. Kavrigin, P. Kazama, S. Kobayashi, M. Koltman, G. Kopec, A. Kuger, F. Landsman, H. Lang, R. F. Levinson, L. Li, I. Li, S. Liang, S. Lindemann, S. Lindner, M. Liu, K. Loizeau, J. Lombardi, F. Long, J. Lopes, J. A. M. Ma, Y. Macolino, C. Mahlstedt, J. Mancuso, A. Manenti, L. Marignetti, F. Undagoitia, T. Marrodán Martens, K. Masbou, J. Masson, D. Masson, E. Mastroianni, S. Messina, M. Miuchi, K. Molinario, A. Moriyama, S. Morå, K. Mosbacher, Y. Murra, M. Müller, J. Ni, K. Oberlack, U. Paetsch, B. Palacio, J. Pellegrini, Q. Peres, R. Peters, C. Pienaar, J. Pierre, M. Plante, G. Pollmann, T. R. Qi, J. Qin, J. García, D. Ramírez Šarčević, N. Shi, J. Singh, R. Sanchez, L. Santos, J. M. F. dos Sarnoff, I. Sartorelli, G. Schreiner, J. Schulte, D. Schulte, P. Eißing, H. Schulze Schumann, M. Lavina, L. Scotto Selvi, M. Semeria, F. Shagin, P. Shi, S. Shockley, E. Silva, M. Simgen, H. Takeda, A. Tan, P. -L. Terliuk, A. Thers, D. Toschi, F. Trinchero, G. Tunnell, C. Tönnies, F. Valerius, K. Volta, G. Weinheimer, C. Weiss, M. Wenz, D. Wittweg, C. Wolf, T. Wu, V. H. S. Xing, Y. Xu, D. Xu, Z. Yamashita, M. Yang, L. Ye, J. Yuan, L. Zavattini, G. Zhong, M. Zhu, T.
contents	The precision in reconstructing events detected in a dual-phase time projection chamber depends on an homogeneous and well understood electric field within the liquid target. In the XENONnT TPC the field homogeneity is achieved through a double-array field cage, consisting of two nested arrays of field shaping rings connected by an easily accessible resistor chain. Rather than being connected to the gate electrode, the topmost field shaping ring is independently biased, adding a degree of freedom to tune the electric field during operation. Two-dimensional finite element simulations were used to optimize the field cage, as well as its operation. Simulation results were compared to ${}^{83m}\mathrm{Kr}$ calibration data. This comparison indicates an accumulation of charge on the panels of the TPC which is constant over time, as no evolution of the reconstructed position distribution of events is observed. The simulated electric field was then used to correct the charge signal for the field dependence of the charge yield. This correction resolves the inconsistent measurement of the drift electron lifetime when using different calibrations sources and different field cage tuning voltages.
format	Preprint
id	arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2309_11996
institution	arXiv
publishDate	2023
record_format	arxiv
spellingShingle	Design and performance of the field cage for the XENONnT experiment Aprile, E. Abe, K. Maouloud, S. Ahmed Althueser, L. Andrieu, B. Angelino, E. Angevaare, J. R. Antochi, V. C. Martin, D. Antón Arneodo, F. Baudis, L. Baxter, A. L. Bazyk, M. Bellagamba, L. Biondi, R. Bismark, A. Brookes, E. J. Brown, A. Bruenner, S. Bruno, G. Budnik, R. Bui, T. K. Cai, C. Cardoso, J. M. R. Cichon, D. Chávez, A. P. Cimental Colijn, A. P. Conrad, J. Cuenca-García, J. J. Cussonneau, J. P. DÁndrea, V. Decowski, M. P. Di Gangi, P. Diglio, S. Eitel, K. Elykov, A. Farrell, S. Ferella, A. D. Ferrari, C. Fischer, H. Flierman, M. Fulgione, W. Fuselli, C. Gaemers, P. Gaior, R. Rosso, A. Gallo Galloway, M. Gao, F. Glade-Beucke, R. Grandi, L. Grigat, J. Guan, H. Guida, M. Hammann, R. Higuera, A. Hils, C. Hoetzsch, L. Hood, N. F. Howlett, J. Iacovacci, M. Itow, Y. Jakob, J. Joerg, F. Joy, A. Kara, M. Kavrigin, P. Kazama, S. Kobayashi, M. Koltman, G. Kopec, A. Kuger, F. Landsman, H. Lang, R. F. Levinson, L. Li, I. Li, S. Liang, S. Lindemann, S. Lindner, M. Liu, K. Loizeau, J. Lombardi, F. Long, J. Lopes, J. A. M. Ma, Y. Macolino, C. Mahlstedt, J. Mancuso, A. Manenti, L. Marignetti, F. Undagoitia, T. Marrodán Martens, K. Masbou, J. Masson, D. Masson, E. Mastroianni, S. Messina, M. Miuchi, K. Molinario, A. Moriyama, S. Morå, K. Mosbacher, Y. Murra, M. Müller, J. Ni, K. Oberlack, U. Paetsch, B. Palacio, J. Pellegrini, Q. Peres, R. Peters, C. Pienaar, J. Pierre, M. Plante, G. Pollmann, T. R. Qi, J. Qin, J. García, D. Ramírez Šarčević, N. Shi, J. Singh, R. Sanchez, L. Santos, J. M. F. dos Sarnoff, I. Sartorelli, G. Schreiner, J. Schulte, D. Schulte, P. Eißing, H. Schulze Schumann, M. Lavina, L. Scotto Selvi, M. Semeria, F. Shagin, P. Shi, S. Shockley, E. Silva, M. Simgen, H. Takeda, A. Tan, P. -L. Terliuk, A. Thers, D. Toschi, F. Trinchero, G. Tunnell, C. Tönnies, F. Valerius, K. Volta, G. Weinheimer, C. Weiss, M. Wenz, D. Wittweg, C. Wolf, T. Wu, V. H. S. Xing, Y. Xu, D. Xu, Z. Yamashita, M. Yang, L. Ye, J. Yuan, L. Zavattini, G. Zhong, M. Zhu, T. High Energy Physics - Experiment Instrumentation and Detectors The precision in reconstructing events detected in a dual-phase time projection chamber depends on an homogeneous and well understood electric field within the liquid target. In the XENONnT TPC the field homogeneity is achieved through a double-array field cage, consisting of two nested arrays of field shaping rings connected by an easily accessible resistor chain. Rather than being connected to the gate electrode, the topmost field shaping ring is independently biased, adding a degree of freedom to tune the electric field during operation. Two-dimensional finite element simulations were used to optimize the field cage, as well as its operation. Simulation results were compared to ${}^{83m}\mathrm{Kr}$ calibration data. This comparison indicates an accumulation of charge on the panels of the TPC which is constant over time, as no evolution of the reconstructed position distribution of events is observed. The simulated electric field was then used to correct the charge signal for the field dependence of the charge yield. This correction resolves the inconsistent measurement of the drift electron lifetime when using different calibrations sources and different field cage tuning voltages.
title	Design and performance of the field cage for the XENONnT experiment
topic	High Energy Physics - Experiment Instrumentation and Detectors
url	https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.11996