Salvato in:
| Autori principali: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2023
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| Soggetti: | |
| Accesso online: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.12679 |
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Sommario:
- Lipid nanoparticles own a remarkable potential in nanomedicine, only partially disclosed. While the clinical use of liposomes and cationic lipid-nucleic acid complexes is well-established, liquid lipid nanoparticles (nanoemulsions), solid lipid nanoparticles, and nanostructured lipid carriers have even greater potential. However, they face obstacles in being used in clinics due to a lack of understanding about the molecular mechanisms controlling their drug loading and release, interactions with the biological environment (such as the protein corona), and shelf-life stability. To create effective drug delivery carriers and successfully translate bench research to clinical settings, it is crucial to have a thorough understanding of the internal structure of lipid nanoparticles. Through synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering experiments, we determined the spatial distribution and internal structure of the nanoparticles' lipid, surfactant, and the water in them. The nanoparticles themselves have a barrel-like shape that consists of coplanar lipid platelets (specifically cetyl palmitate) that are partially covered by polysorbate 80 surfactant and retain a small amount of hydration water. Although the platelet structure was expected, the presence of surfactant molecules forming sticky patches between adjacent platelets challenges the classical core-shell model used to describe solid lipid nanoparticles. Additionally, the surfactant partially covers the water-nanoparticle interface, allowing certain lipid regions to come into direct contact with surrounding water. These structural features play a significant role in drug loading and release, biological fluid interaction, and nanoparticle stability, making these findings valuable for the rational design of lipid-based nanoparticles.