Contextualized Policy Recovery: Modeling and Interpreting Medical Decisions with Adaptive Imitation Learning
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2023
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| author | Deuschel, Jannik Ellington, Caleb N. Luo, Yingtao Lengerich, Benjamin J. Friederich, Pascal Xing, Eric P. |
| author_facet | Deuschel, Jannik Ellington, Caleb N. Luo, Yingtao Lengerich, Benjamin J. Friederich, Pascal Xing, Eric P. |
| contents | Interpretable policy learning seeks to estimate intelligible decision policies from observed actions; however, existing models force a tradeoff between accuracy and interpretability, limiting data-driven interpretations of human decision-making processes. Fundamentally, existing approaches are burdened by this tradeoff because they represent the underlying decision process as a universal policy, when in fact human decisions are dynamic and can change drastically under different contexts. Thus, we develop Contextualized Policy Recovery (CPR), which re-frames the problem of modeling complex decision processes as a multi-task learning problem, where each context poses a unique task and complex decision policies can be constructed piece-wise from many simple context-specific policies. CPR models each context-specific policy as a linear map, and generates new policy models $\textit{on-demand}$ as contexts are updated with new observations. We provide two flavors of the CPR framework: one focusing on exact local interpretability, and one retaining full global interpretability. We assess CPR through studies on simulated and real data, achieving state-of-the-art performance on predicting antibiotic prescription in intensive care units ($+22\%$ AUROC vs. previous SOTA) and predicting MRI prescription for Alzheimer's patients ($+7.7\%$ AUROC vs. previous SOTA). With this improvement, CPR closes the accuracy gap between interpretable and black-box methods, allowing high-resolution exploration and analysis of context-specific decision models. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2310_07918 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Contextualized Policy Recovery: Modeling and Interpreting Medical Decisions with Adaptive Imitation Learning Deuschel, Jannik Ellington, Caleb N. Luo, Yingtao Lengerich, Benjamin J. Friederich, Pascal Xing, Eric P. Machine Learning Artificial Intelligence Interpretable policy learning seeks to estimate intelligible decision policies from observed actions; however, existing models force a tradeoff between accuracy and interpretability, limiting data-driven interpretations of human decision-making processes. Fundamentally, existing approaches are burdened by this tradeoff because they represent the underlying decision process as a universal policy, when in fact human decisions are dynamic and can change drastically under different contexts. Thus, we develop Contextualized Policy Recovery (CPR), which re-frames the problem of modeling complex decision processes as a multi-task learning problem, where each context poses a unique task and complex decision policies can be constructed piece-wise from many simple context-specific policies. CPR models each context-specific policy as a linear map, and generates new policy models $\textit{on-demand}$ as contexts are updated with new observations. We provide two flavors of the CPR framework: one focusing on exact local interpretability, and one retaining full global interpretability. We assess CPR through studies on simulated and real data, achieving state-of-the-art performance on predicting antibiotic prescription in intensive care units ($+22\%$ AUROC vs. previous SOTA) and predicting MRI prescription for Alzheimer's patients ($+7.7\%$ AUROC vs. previous SOTA). With this improvement, CPR closes the accuracy gap between interpretable and black-box methods, allowing high-resolution exploration and analysis of context-specific decision models. |
| title | Contextualized Policy Recovery: Modeling and Interpreting Medical Decisions with Adaptive Imitation Learning |
| topic | Machine Learning Artificial Intelligence |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.07918 |