From QFT to Boltzmann: Freeze-in in the presence of oscillating condensates
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2023
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| _version_ | 1866911901236068352 |
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| author | Ai, Wen-Yuan Beniwal, Ankit Maggi, Angelo Marsh, David J. E. |
| author_facet | Ai, Wen-Yuan Beniwal, Ankit Maggi, Angelo Marsh, David J. E. |
| contents | Scalar dark matter (DM), and axions in particular, have an irreducible abundance of particles produced by freeze-in due to portal interactions with the Standard Model plasma in the early Universe. In addition, vacuum misalignment and other mechanisms can lead to the presence of a cold, oscillating condensate. Therefore, generically, the evolution of the DM in both forms, condensate and particles, needs to be studied simultaneously. In non-equilibrium quantum field theory, the condensate and particles are described by one- and two-point functions, respectively. The fundamental coupled equations of motion (EoMs) of these objects are non-local. To simplify the EoMs and bring them into a familiar form for relic abundance calculations, we perform a Markovianization process for a quasi-harmonically oscillating homogeneous condensate, leading to local EoMs for the particle distribution function and the envelope function of condensate oscillation. This reduces the dynamics to a pair of coupled Boltzmann equations, and we derive explicitly the form of the collision operators for all particle and condensate interactions. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2310_08272 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | From QFT to Boltzmann: Freeze-in in the presence of oscillating condensates Ai, Wen-Yuan Beniwal, Ankit Maggi, Angelo Marsh, David J. E. High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics High Energy Physics - Theory Scalar dark matter (DM), and axions in particular, have an irreducible abundance of particles produced by freeze-in due to portal interactions with the Standard Model plasma in the early Universe. In addition, vacuum misalignment and other mechanisms can lead to the presence of a cold, oscillating condensate. Therefore, generically, the evolution of the DM in both forms, condensate and particles, needs to be studied simultaneously. In non-equilibrium quantum field theory, the condensate and particles are described by one- and two-point functions, respectively. The fundamental coupled equations of motion (EoMs) of these objects are non-local. To simplify the EoMs and bring them into a familiar form for relic abundance calculations, we perform a Markovianization process for a quasi-harmonically oscillating homogeneous condensate, leading to local EoMs for the particle distribution function and the envelope function of condensate oscillation. This reduces the dynamics to a pair of coupled Boltzmann equations, and we derive explicitly the form of the collision operators for all particle and condensate interactions. |
| title | From QFT to Boltzmann: Freeze-in in the presence of oscillating condensates |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics High Energy Physics - Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.08272 |