Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Cothard, Nicholas F., Stevenson, Thomas, Mateo, Jennette, Costen, Nicholas, Denis, Kevin, Perido, Joanna, Schrock, Ian, Wang, Frederick, Glenn, Jason
Format: Preprint
Published: 2023
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.00819
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866914822442975232
author Cothard, Nicholas F.
Stevenson, Thomas
Mateo, Jennette
Costen, Nicholas
Denis, Kevin
Perido, Joanna
Schrock, Ian
Wang, Frederick
Glenn, Jason
author_facet Cothard, Nicholas F.
Stevenson, Thomas
Mateo, Jennette
Costen, Nicholas
Denis, Kevin
Perido, Joanna
Schrock, Ian
Wang, Frederick
Glenn, Jason
contents Future far-infrared astrophysics observatories will require focal plane arrays containing thousands of ultra-sensitive, superconducting detectors, each of which needs to be optically coupled to the telescope. At longer wavelengths, many approaches have been developed including feedhorn arrays and macroscopic arrays of lenslets. However, with wavelengths as short as 25 microns, optical coupling in the far-infrared remains challenging. In this paper, we present a novel approach for fabricating far-infrared monolithic silicon microlens arrays using grayscale lithography and deep reactive ion etching. The design, fabrication, and characterization of the microlens arrays are discussed. We compare the designed and fabricated lens profile, and calculate that the fabricated lenses will achieve 84% encircled power for the designed detector, which is only 3% less than the designed performance. We also present methods developed for anti-reflection coating microlens arrays and for a silicon-to-silicon die bonding process to hybridize microlens arrays with detector arrays.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2311_00819
institution arXiv
publishDate 2023
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Monolithic Kilopixel Silicon Microlens Arrays for Future Far-Infrared Observatories
Cothard, Nicholas F.
Stevenson, Thomas
Mateo, Jennette
Costen, Nicholas
Denis, Kevin
Perido, Joanna
Schrock, Ian
Wang, Frederick
Glenn, Jason
Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Future far-infrared astrophysics observatories will require focal plane arrays containing thousands of ultra-sensitive, superconducting detectors, each of which needs to be optically coupled to the telescope. At longer wavelengths, many approaches have been developed including feedhorn arrays and macroscopic arrays of lenslets. However, with wavelengths as short as 25 microns, optical coupling in the far-infrared remains challenging. In this paper, we present a novel approach for fabricating far-infrared monolithic silicon microlens arrays using grayscale lithography and deep reactive ion etching. The design, fabrication, and characterization of the microlens arrays are discussed. We compare the designed and fabricated lens profile, and calculate that the fabricated lenses will achieve 84% encircled power for the designed detector, which is only 3% less than the designed performance. We also present methods developed for anti-reflection coating microlens arrays and for a silicon-to-silicon die bonding process to hybridize microlens arrays with detector arrays.
title Monolithic Kilopixel Silicon Microlens Arrays for Future Far-Infrared Observatories
topic Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.00819