Unitarity Bound on Dark Matter in Low-temperature Reheating Scenarios
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arXiv
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| Auteurs principaux: | , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Publié: |
2023
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| _version_ | 1866908863471550464 |
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| author | Bernal, Nicolás Konar, Partha Show, Sudipta |
| author_facet | Bernal, Nicolás Konar, Partha Show, Sudipta |
| contents | Model-independent theoretical upper bound on the thermal dark matter (DM) mass can be derived from the maximum inelastic DM cross-section featuring the whole observed DM abundance. We deploy partial-wave unitarity of the scattering matrix to derive the maximal thermally-averaged cross section for general number-changing processes $r\to 2$ (with $r\ge 2$), which may involve standard model particles or occur solely within the dark sector. The usual upper limit on the DM mass for $s$-wave annihilation is around 130 TeV (1 GeV) for $r=2$ (3), only applies in the case of a freeze-out occurring in the standard cosmological scenario. We consider the effects of two nonstandard cosmological evolutions, characterized by low-temperature reheating: $i)$ a kination-like scenario and $ii)$ an early matter-dominated scenario. In the first case, early freeze-out strengthens the unitarity bound to a few TeVs for WIMPs; while in the second case, the WIMP DM can be as heavy as $\sim 10^{10}$ GeV due to a large entropy dilution. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2311_01587 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Unitarity Bound on Dark Matter in Low-temperature Reheating Scenarios Bernal, Nicolás Konar, Partha Show, Sudipta High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Model-independent theoretical upper bound on the thermal dark matter (DM) mass can be derived from the maximum inelastic DM cross-section featuring the whole observed DM abundance. We deploy partial-wave unitarity of the scattering matrix to derive the maximal thermally-averaged cross section for general number-changing processes $r\to 2$ (with $r\ge 2$), which may involve standard model particles or occur solely within the dark sector. The usual upper limit on the DM mass for $s$-wave annihilation is around 130 TeV (1 GeV) for $r=2$ (3), only applies in the case of a freeze-out occurring in the standard cosmological scenario. We consider the effects of two nonstandard cosmological evolutions, characterized by low-temperature reheating: $i)$ a kination-like scenario and $ii)$ an early matter-dominated scenario. In the first case, early freeze-out strengthens the unitarity bound to a few TeVs for WIMPs; while in the second case, the WIMP DM can be as heavy as $\sim 10^{10}$ GeV due to a large entropy dilution. |
| title | Unitarity Bound on Dark Matter in Low-temperature Reheating Scenarios |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.01587 |