New Signal of Atmospheric Tau Neutrino Appearance: Sub-GeV Neutral-Current Interactions in JUNO
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2023
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| author | Meighen-Berger, Stephan A. Beacom, John F. Bell, Nicole F. Dolan, Matthew J. |
| author_facet | Meighen-Berger, Stephan A. Beacom, John F. Bell, Nicole F. Dolan, Matthew J. |
| contents | We propose the first practical method to detect atmospheric tau neutrino appearance at sub-GeV energies, which would be an important test of $ν_μ\rightarrow ν_τ$ oscillations and of new-physics scenarios. In the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO; starts in 2024), active-flavor neutrinos eject neutrons from carbon via neutral-current quasielastic scattering. This produces a two-part signal: the prompt part is caused by the scattering of the neutron in the scintillator, and the delayed part by its radiative capture. Such events have been observed in KamLAND, but only in small numbers and were treated as a background. With $ν_μ\rightarrow ν_τ$ oscillations, JUNO should measure a clean sample of 55 events/yr; with simple $ν_μ$ disappearance, this would instead be 41 events/yr, where the latter is determined from Super-Kamiokande charged-current measurements at similar neutrino energies. Implementing this method will require precise laboratory measurements of neutrino-nucleus cross sections or other developments. With those, JUNO will have $5σ$ sensitivity to tau-neutrino appearance in 5 years exposure, and likely sooner. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2311_01667 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | New Signal of Atmospheric Tau Neutrino Appearance: Sub-GeV Neutral-Current Interactions in JUNO Meighen-Berger, Stephan A. Beacom, John F. Bell, Nicole F. Dolan, Matthew J. High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena High Energy Physics - Experiment We propose the first practical method to detect atmospheric tau neutrino appearance at sub-GeV energies, which would be an important test of $ν_μ\rightarrow ν_τ$ oscillations and of new-physics scenarios. In the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO; starts in 2024), active-flavor neutrinos eject neutrons from carbon via neutral-current quasielastic scattering. This produces a two-part signal: the prompt part is caused by the scattering of the neutron in the scintillator, and the delayed part by its radiative capture. Such events have been observed in KamLAND, but only in small numbers and were treated as a background. With $ν_μ\rightarrow ν_τ$ oscillations, JUNO should measure a clean sample of 55 events/yr; with simple $ν_μ$ disappearance, this would instead be 41 events/yr, where the latter is determined from Super-Kamiokande charged-current measurements at similar neutrino energies. Implementing this method will require precise laboratory measurements of neutrino-nucleus cross sections or other developments. With those, JUNO will have $5σ$ sensitivity to tau-neutrino appearance in 5 years exposure, and likely sooner. |
| title | New Signal of Atmospheric Tau Neutrino Appearance: Sub-GeV Neutral-Current Interactions in JUNO |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena High Energy Physics - Experiment |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.01667 |