Topological spin-orbit-coupled fermions beyond rotating wave approximation
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2023
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| _version_ | 1866910378315743232 |
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| author | Zhang, Han Wang, Wen-Wei Qiao, Chang Zhang, Long Liang, Ming-Cheng Wu, Rui Wang, Xu-Jie Liu, Xiong-Jun Zhang, Xibo |
| author_facet | Zhang, Han Wang, Wen-Wei Qiao, Chang Zhang, Long Liang, Ming-Cheng Wu, Rui Wang, Xu-Jie Liu, Xiong-Jun Zhang, Xibo |
| contents | The realization of spin-orbit-coupled ultracold gases has driven a wide range of researches and is typically based on the rotating wave approximation (RWA). By neglecting the counter-rotating terms, RWA characterizes a single near-resonant spin-orbit (SO) coupling in a two-level system. Here, we propose and experimentally realize a new scheme for achieving a pair of two-dimensional (2D) SO couplings for ultracold fermions beyond RWA. This work not only realizes the first anomalous Floquet topological Fermi gas beyond RWA, but also significantly improves the lifetime of the 2D-SO-coupled Fermi gas. Based on pump-probe quench measurements, we observe a deterministic phase relation between two sets of SO couplings, which is characteristic for our beyond-RWA scheme and enables the two SO couplings to be simultaneously tuned to the optimum 2D configurations. We observe intriguing band topology by measuring two-ring band-inversion surfaces, quantitatively consistent with a Floquet topological Fermi gas in the regime of high Chern numbers. Our study can open an avenue to explore exotic SO physics and anomalous topological states based on long-lived SO-coupled ultracold fermions. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2311_02584 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Topological spin-orbit-coupled fermions beyond rotating wave approximation Zhang, Han Wang, Wen-Wei Qiao, Chang Zhang, Long Liang, Ming-Cheng Wu, Rui Wang, Xu-Jie Liu, Xiong-Jun Zhang, Xibo Quantum Gases The realization of spin-orbit-coupled ultracold gases has driven a wide range of researches and is typically based on the rotating wave approximation (RWA). By neglecting the counter-rotating terms, RWA characterizes a single near-resonant spin-orbit (SO) coupling in a two-level system. Here, we propose and experimentally realize a new scheme for achieving a pair of two-dimensional (2D) SO couplings for ultracold fermions beyond RWA. This work not only realizes the first anomalous Floquet topological Fermi gas beyond RWA, but also significantly improves the lifetime of the 2D-SO-coupled Fermi gas. Based on pump-probe quench measurements, we observe a deterministic phase relation between two sets of SO couplings, which is characteristic for our beyond-RWA scheme and enables the two SO couplings to be simultaneously tuned to the optimum 2D configurations. We observe intriguing band topology by measuring two-ring band-inversion surfaces, quantitatively consistent with a Floquet topological Fermi gas in the regime of high Chern numbers. Our study can open an avenue to explore exotic SO physics and anomalous topological states based on long-lived SO-coupled ultracold fermions. |
| title | Topological spin-orbit-coupled fermions beyond rotating wave approximation |
| topic | Quantum Gases |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.02584 |